Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34393610›Full record

ArticleCurrent opinion in colloid & interface science2021

Bursting Microbubbles: How Nanobubble Contrast Agents Can Enable the Future of Medical Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy.

Agata A Exner, Michael C Kolios

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current opinion in colloid & interface science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Preclinical in-vivo cerebrovascular imaging in rodent models: Methods and applications in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Microbubble Contrast Agent Use During Invasive Coronary Microvascular Assessment.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Overview of Therapeutic Ultrasound Applications and Safety Considerations: 2024 Update.Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Agata A ExnerDepartments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Michael C KoliosDepartment of Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Funding

Improved Detection of Prostate Cancer with Nanoparticle-based Ultrasound Contrast Agents Targeted to PSMAR01EB025741 · NIBIB · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI James Peter Basilion, Agata A Exner · 2018 to 2026
$4.1M
Drug-Loaded Nanobubbles for Ultrasound Enhanced Delivery to Colon Cancer Liver MetastasisR01EB028144 · NIBIB · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI EXNER, AGATA A · 2019 to 2023
$2.3M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB025741NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB028144
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The field of medical ultrasound has undergone a significant evolution since the development of microbubbles as contrast agents. However, due to their size, microbubbles remain in the vasculature, and therefore have limited clinical applications. Building a better - and smaller - bubble can expand the applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound by allowing bubbles to extravasate from blood vessels - creating new opportunities. In this review, we summarize recent research on the formulation and use of NBs as imaging agents and as therapeutic vehicles. We discuss the ongoing debates in the field and reluctance to accepting NBs as an acoustically active construct and a potentially impactful clinical tool that can help shape the future of medical ultrasound. We hope that the overview of key experimental and theoretical findings in the NB field presented in this paper provides a fundamental framework that will help clarify NB-ultrasound interactions and inspire engagement in the field.

Indexed as

contrast enhanced ultrasounddrug deliverymicrobubblesmolecular imagingnanobubbles

Identifiers

PMID34393610
PMCPMC8356903

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.