ReviewVascular medicine (London, England)2022
An estimate of the economic burden of venous leg ulcers associated with deep venous disease.
Review in Vascular medicine (London, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating low rates of compliance to graduated compression therapy for chronic venous insufficiency: A systematic review.International wound journal · 2024Pooled it
- Investigating quality of life instrument measurement properties for adults with active venous leg ulcers: A systematic review.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2022Pooled it
- The Healing Effect of Photobiomodulation on Venous Leg Ulcers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair SocietyPooled it
- Adherence to Compression Stockings for Venous Leg Ulcer Prevention: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial and Health Economic Analysis, Evaluating a New Multidimensional Tool (PAMCAI).International wound journal · 2025Trial
- Planning self-care with patients with venous leg ulcers: a reflective lifeworld study of healthcare professionals.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026Article
- Is chronic venous disease a marker of systemic cardiovascular risk? A systematic review.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Hydrogels in the Management of Peripheral Venous Disease: Bridging Material Design and Clinical Evidence.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Smart Bandage Based on Batteryless NFC for Wireless Pressure and Wound State Monitoring.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Polidocanol in Sclerotherapy for Lymphovenous Disorders: Mechanisms, Clinical Uses, and Future Prospects.Drugs · 2026Review
- A New Pearl in Chronic Venous Disease Pathophysiology-The Duplex Ultrasound and the Elastographic Features of Lymph Nodes Varicose Veins in the Groin.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Barriers to and enablers of prophylactic compression use by people at risk of venous leg ulcer recurrence: a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Harnessing liposomal delivery to boost polyphenols' potential in chronic wound therapy.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2026Article
- Potential mechanism underlying HXSJ decoction in the treatment of venous leg ulcers: based on the association between venous leg ulcers and ferroptosis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Comparison of Single Use and Traditional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Devices in Lower Extremity Ulcers: A US Real-World Evidence Analysis of NetHealth Data.International wound journal · 2025Article
- The financial burden of chronic wounds in primary care: A real-world data analysis on cost and prevalence.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2025Article
- Review
- Clinical Efficacy of Ovine Forestomach Matrix and Collagen/Oxidised Regenerated Cellulose for the Treatment of Venous Leg Ulcers: A Retrospective Comparative Real-World Evidence Study.International wound journal · 2025Article
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Review of the literature supporting international clinical practice guidelines on iliac venous stenting and their applicability to Australia and New Zealand practice.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionVenous leg ulcers (VLU) embody the most severe stage of the broad spectrum of chronic venous disease. Approximately 40% of patients with VLU present with the underlying deep venous disease (DVD). Although the data are scarce, these deep venous disease-related VLU (DRV) are thought to have higher recurrence rates and a substantial economic burden. The objective of this study was to assess the economic burden of DRV across Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK, and the USA.
methodsA comprehensive literature review was undertaken to identify publications documenting the incidence and prevalence of VLU and DRV, medical resource utilization, and associated costs of DRV. Findings from this literature review were used to estimate the economic burden of illness, including direct medical costs over a 12-month interval following initial presentation of a newly formed DRV.
resultsTotal annual incidence of new or recurrent DRV in Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, and the US are estimated at 122,000, 263,000, 345,000, 253,000, 85,000, 230,000, and 643,000 events, respectively, in 2019. Incidence ranges from 0.73 to 3.12 per 1000 persons per year. The estimated annual direct medical costs for patients managed conservatively in these geographies total ~ $10.73 billion (USD) or $5527 per person per year.
conclusionThe availability of published data on the costs of VLU care varies widely across countries considered in this analysis. Although country-specific VLU practice patterns vary, there is a uniform pattern of high-cost care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.