ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021
Substance use patterns in 9-10 year olds: Baseline findings from the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study.
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Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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45citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding adverse childhood experiences within the first decade of the ABCD study: A systematic review.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Weighted prevalence of biochemically verified substance use in healthy adolescents across the USA.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Observational
- Substance use patterns from late childhood to mid-adolescence: Updates on the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2026Article
- Associations of endocannabinoid serum concentrations with behavioral impulsivity and substance use in late childhood to early adolescence.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Longitudinal neurocognitive trajectories in a large cohort of youth who use cannabis: combining self-report and toxicology.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Low-Level Alcohol Consumption in Children 11-12 Years Old Is Linked to Neural Substrates Involved in Reward Processing and Inhibitory Control: Results From a Brain-Wide Association Study.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Impulse Control in Focus: Rethinking Impulsivity in Youth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Neurocognitive Trajectories in a Large Cohort of Youth Who Use Cannabis: Combining Self-Report and Toxicology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Self-reported impulsivity, task-based inhibitory control, and early sipping behaviors as longitudinal predictors of adolescent alcohol use and problems in the ABCD Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Propensity score modeling of adolescent e-cigarette use and cognitive performance: One-year follow-up study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Early nicotine initiation and white matter integrity: Associations from late childhood to mid-adolescence.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Initial Subjective Response to Nicotine Vaping Predicts Subsequent E-Cigarette Use in Early Adolescence: An ABCD Investigation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Longitudinal panel networks of risk and protective factors for early adolescent suicidality in the ABCD sample.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Biochemically-Verified Substance Use in Healthy Adolescents Across the United States: Hair Toxicology Results in the ABCD Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Parental substance use history density and its influence on reward anticipation brain activation in late childhood and early adolescence.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- Genetic, psychological, and environmental factors are uniquely associated with onset of alcohol use in the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD) study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Social Cognitive Influences Associated With Susceptibility to Nicotine and Tobacco Use in Youth in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2025Article
- Using deep learning to predict internalizing problems from brain structure in youth.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Predicting Genetic Risk for Impulsivity and Substance Use in Adolescence.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
114 authors at 20 institutions in 1 country.
Krista M LisdahlUniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States. Electronic address: medinak@uwm.edu.
Susan TapertUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
Kenneth J SherUniversity of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
Raul GonzalezFlorida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
Sara Jo NixonUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Sarah W Feldstein EwingOregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
Kevin P ConwayNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Alex WallaceUniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
Ryan SullivanUniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
Kelah HatcherUniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
Christine KaiverUniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
Wes ThompsonUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
Chase ReuterUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
Hauke BartschUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
Natasha E WadeUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
Joanna JacobusUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
M D AlbaughUniversity of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
N AllgaierUniversity of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
A P AnokhinWashington University, St. Louis, MO, United States.
K BagotUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, United States.
F C BakerSRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States.
M T BanichUniversity of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States.
D M BarchWashington University, St. Louis, MO, United States.
A Baskin-SommersYale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
F J BreslinLaureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States.
S A BrownUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
V CalhounGeorgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
B J CaseyYale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
B ChaaraniUniversity of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
L ChangUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
D B ClarkUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
C CloakUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
R T ConstableYale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
L B CottlerUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
R K DagherNational Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States.
M DaprettoUniversity of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
A DickFlorida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
E K DoVirginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
N U F DosenbachWashington University, St. Louis, MO, United States.
G J DowlingNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
D A FairUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
P FlorsheimUniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
J J FoxeUniversity of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.
E G FreedmanUniversity of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.
N P FriedmanUniversity of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States.
H P GaravanUniversity of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
D G GeeYale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
M D GlantzNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
P GlaserWashington University, St. Louis, MO, United States.
M R GonzalezChildren's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
K M GrayMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
S GrantNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
F HaistUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
S HawesFlorida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
S G HeeringaUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
R HermosilloOregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
M M HertingUniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
J M HettemaVirginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
J K HewittUniversity of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States.
C HeyserUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
E A HoffmanNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
K D HowlettNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
R S HuberUniversity of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
M A HuestisUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States; Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
L W HydeUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
W G IaconoUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
A IsaiahUniversity of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
M Y IvanovaUniversity of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
R S JamesAmerican Psychistric Association, United States.
T L JerniganUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
N R KarcherWashington University, St. Louis, MO, United States.
J M KupermanUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
A R LairdFlorida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
C L LarsonUniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
K H LeBlancNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
M F LopezNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
M LucianaUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
B LunaUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
H H MaesVirginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
A T MarshallChildren's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
M J MasonUniversity of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States.
E McGladeUniversity of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
A S MorrisLaureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States; Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
C MulfordNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
B J NagelOregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
G NeighVirginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
C E PalmerUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
M P PaulusLaureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States.
D PechevaUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
D ProutySRI International, Menlo Park, CA, United States.
A PotterUniversity of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States.
L I PuttlerUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
N RajapakseNational Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities, Bethesda, MD, United States.
J M RossUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.
M SanchezFlorida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
C SchirdaUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
J SchulenbergUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
C ShethUniversity of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
P D ShillingUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
E R SowellChildren's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
N SpeerUniversity of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States.
L SquegliaMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
C SripadaUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
J SteinbergVirginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.
M T SutherlandFlorida International University, Miami, FL, United States.
R TomkoMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
K UbanUniversity of California, Irvine, CA, United States.
S VriezeUniversity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
S R B WeissNational Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States.
D WingUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
D A Yurgelun-ToddUniversity of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.
R A ZuckerUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Mary M HeitzegUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
ABCD ConsortiumUniversity of California, San Diego, CA, United States.
University of Vermont · USUniversity of California San Diego · USNational Institute on Drug Abuse · USWashington University in St. Louis · USOregon Health & Science University · USUniversity of Michigan · USUniversity of Wisconsin–Milwaukee · USFlorida International University · USVirginia Commonwealth University · USYale University · USUniversity of Colorado Boulder · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USChildren's Hospital of Los Angeles · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · USUniversity of Minnesota · USUniversity of Rochester · USUniversity of Utah · USAmerican Psychological Association · USGeorgia State University · USLaureate Institute for Brain Research · US
Funding
Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9MABCD-USA Consortium: Coordinating CenterU24DA041147 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SANDRA A BROWN, TERRY L. JERNIGAN · 2015 to 2026
$54.7MABCD-USA Consortium: Data Analysis, Informatics and Resource CenterU24DA041123 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ANDERS M DALE · 2015 to 2026
$51.5MAdolescent Substance Use Initiation: Disentangling neurocognitive risks from consequences using longitudinal and genetically-informed methodsU01DA041120 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Monica Luciana, Sylia Wilson · 2015 to 2026
$34.5MABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041089 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Joanna Jacobus, Susan F. Tapert · 2015 to 2026
$31.7MProspective Research Studies of Maturation (PRISM)- Research ProjectU01DA041134 · NIDA · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI ERIN MCGLADE, PERRY FRANKLIN RENSHAW · 2015 to 2026
$29.2MABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECTU01DA041048 · NIDA · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF LOS ANGELES · PI Megan Marie Herting, ELIZABETH R SOWELL · 2015 to 2026
$28.7MABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041106 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Mary M Heitzeg, Chandra Sekhar Sripada · 2015 to 2026
$24.9MSubject Management and BiobankingP50DA046346 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Yanhua H Huang · 2020 to 2026
$23.4MFIU-ABCD: Pathways and Mechanisms to Addiction in the Latino Youth of South FloridaU01DA041156 · NIDA · FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY · PI Raul Gonzalez, Angela R Laird · 2015 to 2026
$22.8MABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041148 · NIDA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Damien A Fair, Rebekah S Huber · 2015 to 2026
$22.3MABCD-USA: NYC Research ProjectU01DA041174 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Arielle Ryan Baskin-Sommers, Betty J Casey · 2015 to 2026
$19.7MNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NIAAA NIH HHS K23 AA025399NIDA NIH HHS P50 DA046346NIDA NIH HHS R21 DA049109NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041022NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041025NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041028NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041048NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041089NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041093NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041106NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041117NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041120NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041134NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041148NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041156NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041174NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050987NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050988NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050989NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051016NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051018NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051037NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051038NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051039NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041123NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041147NIMH NIH HHS K08 MH121654
Abstract
backgroundThe Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development ™ Study (ABCD Study®) is an open-science, multi-site, prospective, longitudinal study following over 11,800 9- and 10-year-old youth into early adulthood. The ABCD Study aims to prospectively examine the impact of substance use (SU) on neurocognitive and health outcomes. Although SU initiation typically occurs during teen years, relatively little is known about patterns of SU in children younger than 12.
methodsThis study aims to report the detailed ABCD Study® SU patterns at baseline (n = 11,875) in order to inform the greater scientific community about cohort's early SU. Along with a detailed description of SU, we ran mixed effects regression models to examine the association between early caffeine and alcohol sipping with demographic factors, externalizing symptoms and parental history of alcohol and substance use disorders (AUD/SUD). PRIMARY
resultsAt baseline, the majority of youth had used caffeine (67.6 %) and 22.5 % reported sipping alcohol (22.5 %). There was little to no reported use of other drug categories (0.2 % full alcohol drink, 0.7 % used nicotine, <0.1 % used any other drug of abuse). Analyses revealed that total caffeine use and early alcohol sipping were associated with demographic variables (p's<.05), externalizing symptoms (caffeine p = 0002; sipping p = .0003), and parental history of AUD (sipping p = .03).
conclusionsABCD Study participants aged 9-10 years old reported caffeine use and alcohol sipping experimentation, but very rare other SU. Variables linked with early childhood alcohol sipping and caffeine use should be examined as contributing factors in future longitudinal analyses examining escalating trajectories of SU in the ABCD Study cohort.
Indexed as
Substance-Related DisordersAdolescentAdultBrainChildChild, PreschoolCognitionHumansLongitudinal StudiesProspective StudiesABCD studyAlcoholAlcohol sippingCaffeineCannabisChildrenExternalizing behaviorsNicotine
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