Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34392050›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021

Has the increased participation in the national campaign 'Dry January' been associated with cutting down alcohol consumption in England?

Philippa Case, Colin Angus, Frank De Vocht, John Holmes, Susan Michie, Jamie Brown

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. A scoping review of Dry January: evidence and future directions.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2025
    Article
  6. Prevalence and characteristics of participants inFrontiers in public health · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Philippa CaseDepartment of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, WC1E 7HB, UK. Electronic address: philippa.case.17@ucl.ac.uk.
Colin AngusSheffield Alcohol Research Group, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, UK.
Frank De VochtPopulation Health Sciences, University of Bristol, UK; NIHR Applied Research Collaboration West (ARC West), UK.
John HolmesSheffield Alcohol Research Group, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, UK.
Susan MichieDepartment of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, UK.
Jamie BrownDepartment of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, UK.

Funding

Cancer Research UK 22962Cancer Research UK C1417/A22962Department of HealthMedical Research Council MR/S037519/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsDry January is a national multimedia campaign in the UK that encourages people to abstain from drinking alcohol during the month of January. The population-level campaign makes extensive use of email and social media to support participants and has reported a substantial increase in participation since 2015. This study aimed to assess whether the increase in participation in Dry January between 2015 and 2018 was associated with reduced alcohol consumption in England.

designRepeat cross-sectional design.

settingEngland, March 2014 to January 2018.

participantsA total of 37,142 respondents to the Alcohol Toolkit Study, a monthly in-home survey of alcohol consumption among representative cross-sectional samples of people aged 16+ years in England. MEASURES: Outcomes included i) percentage of adults reporting drinking monthly or less frequently in the last 6 months and ii) mean weekly alcohol consumption among drinkers derived from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test questions on typical frequency and quantity in the last 6 months. ANALYSES: For each outcome, regression models were fitted for month: January (2015 and 2018) vs March-December (2014 and 2017) and for year: 2014/15 vs 2017/18. Interaction terms were included in the models to examine whether the difference between January and the preceding months on each outcome measure depended upon the year (2014/15 vs 2017/18). For non-significant interactions, Bayes factors were calculated to assess the relative strength of evidence for large effects (OR = 1.80 on monthly drinking and β=-1.0 on mean consumption) compared with the null.

resultsDifferences between January and other months were similar in 2014/15 and 2017/18 for adults reporting drinking monthly or less frequently and the mean consumption among drinkers (OR = 0.91, 95 %CI 0.79-1.05, BF = 0.05; β = 0.55, 95 %CI=-0.14 to 1.25, BF = 0.13 respectively).

conclusionsThe increase in participation in Dry January between 2015 and 2018 was not associated with large corresponding changes in people drinking monthly or less frequently over the last 6 months, or in mean weekly consumption among drinkers.

Indexed as

AlcoholismAdultAlcohol DrinkingBayes TheoremCross-Sectional StudiesEnglandHumansalcoholDry Januaryharm reductionmedia campaignstemporary abstinence

Identifiers

PMID34392050
PMCPMC8504198

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.