Observational studyAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology2021
A multigenomic liquid biopsy biomarker for neuroendocrine tumor disease outperforms CgA and has surgical and clinical utility.
Observational study in Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Oligometastatic neuroendocrine tumors: characteristics and prognosis.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Clinical Value of a 51-Neuroendocrine Tumor-Specific Gene Signature (NETest 2.0) for Management of Pancreatic and Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Prospective Study in a Consecutive Cohort of 82 Patients Considered for Surgery.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2026Article
- Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Reframe the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.Cancers · 2026Review
- Clinical Validity of NETest2.0Cancers · 2026Article
- Circulating Gene Expression Assay as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in MEN1.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Case Report: Pancreatic sclerosing epithelioid mesenchymal neoplasm (SEMN) with novel pancreatic duct obstruction in a middle-aged female.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The metastatic spectrum in functional and non-functional NENs: mechanistic insights from multi-omics.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Current Clinical Trial Landscape of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A New Era of Landmark Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Primary Intrahepatic Biliary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2025Review
- NETest® 2.0-A decade of innovation in neuroendocrine tumor diagnostics.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Liquid biopsy in gastrointestinal oncology: clinical applications and translational integration of ctDNA, CTCs, and sEVs.Oncology reviews · 2025Review
- Comparative Targeted Genome Profiling between Solid and Liquid Biopsies in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Proof-of-Concept Pilot Study.Neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Portuguese Pancreatic Club Perspective on the Surveillance Strategy for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours: When and How to Do It?GE Portuguese journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Review
- The Clinical Utility of the NETest in Patients with Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (Si-NENs): A "Real-Life" Study.Cancers · 2024Article
- Biochemical Markers for Neuroendocrine Tumors: Traditional Circulating Markers and Recent Development-A Comprehensive Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The Molecular Biology of Midgut Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.Endocrine reviews · 2024Review
- Evaluation of a blood miRNA/mRNA signature to follow-up Lu-PRRT therapy for G1/G2 intestinal neuroendocrine tumors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Prioritization of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Probes for Differentiating Primary Sites of Neuroendocrine Tumors with Machine Learning.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 11 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBiomarkers are key tools in cancer management. In neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), Chromogranin A (CgA) was considered acceptable as a biomarker. We compared the clinical efficacy of a multigenomic blood biomarker (NETest) to CgA over a 5-year period. PATIENTS AND
methodsAn observational, prospective, cross-sectional, multicenter, multinational, comparative cohort assessment. Cohort 1: NETest evaluation in NETs (n = 1684) and cancers, benign diseases, controls (n = 731). Cohort 2: (n = 1270): matched analysis of NETest/CgA in a sub-cohort of NETs (n = 922) versus other diseases and controls (n = 348). Disease status was assessed by response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST). NETest measurement: qPCR [upper limit of normal (ULN: 20)], CgA (EuroDiagnostica, ULN: 108 ng/ml). STATISTICS: Mann-Whitney U-test, AUROC, chi-square and McNemar' test.
resultsCohort 1: NETest diagnostic accuracy was 91% (P < 0.0001) and identified pheochromocytomas (98%), small intestine (94%), pancreas (91%), lung (88%), gastric (80%) and appendix (79%). NETest reflected grading: G1: 40 ± 1, G2 (50 ± 1) and G3 (52 ± 1). Locoregional disease levels were lower (38 ± 1) than metastatic (52 ± 1, P < 0.0001). NETest accurately stratified RECIST-assessed disease extent: no disease (21 ± 1), stable (43 ± 2), progressive (62 ± 2) (P < 0.0001). NETest concordance with imaging (CT/MRI/
conclusionNETest accurately diagnoses NETs and is an effective surrogate marker for imaging, grade, metastases and disease status compared to CgA. A multigenomic liquid biopsy is an accurate biomarker of NET disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.