Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34389938›Full record

ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2022

Overwhelmed: a Dementia Caregiver Vital Sign.

David B Reuben, Tahmineh Romero, Leslie Chang Evertson, Lee A Jennings

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Psychiatric Hospitalization Precipitants and Outcomes in a Comprehensive Dementia Care Program.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2026
    Article
  4. Promoting Adaptation to Caregiving Challenges: A Qualitative Study of Dementia Caregiving Specialists.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. "Each Day We Lose a Little More": Visual Depictions of Family Caregiving for Persons with Dementia.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Perceptions of Stress and Engagement in High-Intensity Caregiving: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lithuania.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financing
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

David B ReubenMulticampus Program in Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. dreuben@mednet.ucla.edu.
Tahmineh RomeroDivision of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Leslie Chang EvertsonMulticampus Program in Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Lee A JenningsReynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. lee-jennings@ouhsc.edu.
University of California, Los Angeles · USLos Angeles County Department of Health Services · USUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center · US

Funding

UCLA Clinical Translational Science InstituteUL1TR001881 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ARLEEN F. BROWN, ARASH NAEIM · 2016 to 2026
$118.1M
UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0M
UCLA OLDER AMERICANS INDEPENDENCE CENTERP30AG028748 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI MOORE, ALISON AHERN · 2006 to 2017
$9.8M
Caregiver Outcomes of an Alzheimer's and Dementia Care ProgramR21AG054681 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI REUBEN, DAVID B. · 2017 to 2018
$436k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001881NIA NIH HHS P30 AG028748NIA NIH HHS R21 AG054681
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe emotional stress of caring for someone with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias is high and results in adverse effects on caregivers and the persons living with disease. In preliminary work, caregiver reports of regularly feeling "completely overwhelmed" were associated with lack of measurable clinical benefit from a comprehensive dementia care program.

objectiveTo examine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of all caregivers who felt overwhelmed at entry into a comprehensive dementia care program, the trajectory of this symptom over 1 year, and its predictive value for 1-year caregiver outcomes.

designLongitudinal cohort study

settingAcademic health center

participantsCaregivers of patients enrolled in a comprehensive dementia care program EXPOSURES: Caregiver report of feeling "completely overwhelmed" at baseline MAIN MEASURES: Caregiver report of feeling "completely overwhelmed" at baseline and 1 year, and validated scales of caregiver strain, distress, depressive symptoms, burden, mortality, and long-term nursing home placement KEY

resultsCompared to caregivers who were not overwhelmed, overwhelmed caregivers had more distress from behavioral symptoms of the person living with dementia, worse depression scores, and higher composite dementia burden scores at baseline. They also had worse depressive symptoms, strain, and composite burden scores at 1 year, after adjustment for baseline scores. Having an overwhelmed caregiver did not predict long-term nursing home placement or mortality among persons with dementia.

conclusionsA single question about whether a caregiver is overwhelmed might indicate caregivers who have considerable current and future symptom burden and who may benefit from increased support and resources.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDementiaCaregiversHumansNursing HomesVital SignsAlzheimer’s diseasecaregiver stressdementiaPrior presentations: None

Identifiers

PMID34389938
PMCPMC9360256
OpenAlexW3190009659

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.