ArticleBMJ supportive & palliative care2022
Opioid safety recommendations in adult palliative medicine: a North American Delphi expert consensus.
Article in BMJ supportive & palliative care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treating cancer-related symptoms in patients exhibiting nonmedical opioid use behaviours: a retrospective chart review study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Palliative Care and Location of Death Among People With Opioid Use Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of palliative care · 2026Article
- A pragmatic approach to selecting a grading system for clinical practice recommendations in palliative care.Palliative medicine · 2025Review
- Neuroimaging of opioid effects in humans across conditions of acute administration, chronic pain therapy, and opioid use disorder.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
- Safe Management of Adverse Effects Associated with Prescription Opioids in the Palliative Care Population: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Targeting Opioid Receptors in Addiction and Drug Withdrawal: Where Are We Going?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesDespite the escalating public health emergency related to opioid-related deaths in Canada and the USA, opioids are essential for palliative care (PC) symptom management.Opioid safety is the prevention, identification and management of opioid-related harms. The Delphi technique was used to develop expert consensus recommendations about how to promote opioid safety in adults receiving PC in Canada and the USA.
methodsThrough a Delphi process comprised of two rounds, USA and Canadian panellists in PC, addiction and pain medicine developed expert consensus recommendations. Elected Canadian Society of Palliative Care Physicians (CSPCP) board members then rated how important it is for PC physicians to be aware of each consensus recommendation.They also identified high-priority research areas from the topics that did not achieve consensus in Round 2.
resultsThe panellists (Round 1, n=23; Round 2, n=22) developed a total of 130 recommendations from the two rounds about the following six opioid-safety related domains: (1) General principles; (2) Measures for healthcare institution and PC training and clinical programmes; (3) Patient and caregiver assessments; (4) Prescribing practices; (5) Monitoring; and (6) Patients and caregiver education. Fifty-nine topics did not achieve consensus and were deemed potential areas of research. From these results, CSPCP identified 43 high-priority recommendations and 8 high-priority research areas.
conclusionsUrgent guidance about opioid safety is needed to address the opioid crisis. These consensus recommendations can promote safer opioid use, while recognising the importance of these medications for PC symptom management.
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