ArticleBMC urology2021
No staghorn calculi and none/mild hydronephrosis may be risk factors for severe bleeding complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Article in BMC urology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Total tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy without retrograde insertion of a ureteral catheter for the treatment of kidney stone patients without hydronephrosis: a randomized controlled trial.International urology and nephrology · 2025Trial
- Machine learning model integrating radiomics and clinical features for predicting postoperative bleeding after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Impact of hydronephrosis grade on surgical parameters and stone-free rates in prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a retrospective multivariable study.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Integration of minimally invasive techniques and interventional therapy: application of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with upper urinary tract stones and an analysis of risk factors for postoperative bleeding.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of hydronephrosis on the surgical outcomes of fluoroscopically guided supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Predictive factors of delayed bleeding after percutaneous nephrolithotomy requiring angioembolization.BJUI compass · 2024Article
- Development and internal validation of a prediction model to evaluate the risk of severe hemorrhage following mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy.World journal of urology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo explore the risk factors for severe bleeding complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) according to the modified Clavien scoring system.
methodsWe retrospectively analysed 2981 patients who received percutaneous nephrolithotomies from January 2014 to December 2020. Study inclusion criteria were PCNL and postoperative mild or severe renal haemorrhage in accordance with the modified Clavien scoring system. Mild bleeding complications included Clavien 2, while severe bleeding complications were greater than Clavien 3a. It has a good prognosis and is more likely to be underestimated and ignored in retrospective studies in bleeding complications classified by Clavien 1, so no analysis about these was conducted in this study. Clinical features, medical comorbidities and perioperative characteristics were analysed. Chi-square, independent t tests, Pearson's correlation, Fisher exact tests, Mann-Whitney and multivariate logistic regression were used as appropriate.
resultsOf the 2981 patients 70 (2.3%), met study inclusion criteria, consisting of 51 men and 19 women, 48 patients had severe bleeding complications. The remaining 22 patients had mild bleeding. Patients with postoperative severe bleeding complications were more likely to have no or slight degree of hydronephrosis and have no staghorn calculi on univariate analysis (p < 0.05). Staghorn calculi (OR, 95% CI, p value 0.218, 0.068-0.700, 0.010) and hydronephrosis (OR, 95% CI, p value 0.271, 0.083-0.887, 0.031) were independent predictors for severe bleeding via multivariate logistic regression analysis. Other factors, such as history of PCNL, multiple kidney stones, site of puncture calyx and mean corrected intraoperative haemoglobin drop were not related to postoperative severe bleedings.
conclusionsThe absence of staghorn calculi and a no or mild hydronephrosis were related to an increased risk of post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy severe bleeding complications.
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