ArticleSleep medicine2021
COVID-19 babies: auto-videosomnography and parent reports of infant sleep, screen time, and parent well-being in 2019 vs 2020.
Article in Sleep medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-pandemic support for shared reading buffers adverse parenting impacts: an RCT in Brazil.Pediatric research · 2023Trial
- A within-person analysis of the links between infant temperament, parenting, and sleep during the first year of life.Infant behavior & development · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Infant Sleep Monitoring Using a Sensor-Enabled Responsive Bassinet: A Population-Scale Feasibility Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Young Children Undergoing Nighttime Bracing for Clubfoot Have No Differences in Sleep Metrics Compared to Age-matched Controls.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2026Article
- Handling Editor: Monica AndersenA global perspective of parent engagement with digital sleep health interventions for young children: A scoping review.Sleep medicine reviews · 2026Article
- Maturation of infant sleep during the first 6 months of life: a mini-scoping review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Association between maternal and infant screen time with child growth and development: A longitudinal study.Pediatric obesity · 2023Article
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on insomnia and sleep efficiency in parents and caregivers of young children.Frontiers in sleep · 2023Article
- Sleep of infants and toddlers during 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the midwestern United States.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted families, yet studies on its effects on infants and their parents have thus far been sparse and based mostly on retrospective parent reporting. This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the impact of COVID-19 living conditions on infant and parent sleep, as well as infant screen exposure, parent daytime sleepiness, and parent depression levels, using multi-method assessment.
methodsInfant and parent data collected in 2020 were compared with a matched cohort collected in 2019. The total sample included 1518 US infants aged 1-18 months (M = 8.5, SD = 4.6; 54% boys). Auto-videosomnography metrics were obtained from the 14-day period prior to survey completion (number of analyzed nights: M = 12.11 SD = 2.66 in the 2019 cohort; and M = 11.91 SD = 2.41 in the 2020 cohort). Parents completed online questionnaires regarding their infant's sleep and screen exposure, as well as their own sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and depression levels.
resultsCompared to 2019, infants in 2020 slept ∼40 min more per night on average, as indicated by auto-videosomnography. Infants additionally had earlier sleep timing, and increased parent-reported sleep-onset latency and nocturnal wakefulness. Infant screen time rose by 18.3 min per day for older infants, but remained stable for younger infants. Parents reported lower daytime sleepiness and higher depression symptomology during 2020, whereas no change was apparent in their sleep quality ratings.
conclusionsRestricted living conditions during COVID-19 in the USA led to increased infant screen exposure and parental depression, but also to increased infant sleep duration and reduced parent sleepiness. Future research is needed to examine the mechanistic pathways through which COVID-19 impacted on infant and parent well-being.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.