Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34388212›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

Laughter influences social bonding but not prosocial generosity to friends and strangers.

R I M Dunbar, Anna Frangou, Felix Grainger, Eiluned Pearce

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Why friendship and loneliness affect our health.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Laughter and its role in the evolution of human social bonding.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

R I M DunbarDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-9982-9702
Anna FrangouBig Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Felix GraingerDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Eiluned PearceDepartment of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
University of Oxford · GBOpen Data Institute · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humans deploy a number of specific behaviours for forming social bonds, one of which is laughter. However, two questions have not yet been investigated with respect to laughter: (1) Does laughter increase the sense of bonding to those with whom we laugh? and (2) Does laughter facilitate prosocial generosity? Using changes in pain threshold as a proxy for endorphin upregulation in the brain and a standard economic game (the Dictator Game) as an assay of prosociality, we show that laughter does trigger the endorphin system and, through that, seems to enhance social bonding, but it does not reliably influence donations to others. This suggests that social bonding and prosociality may operate via different mechanisms, or on different time scales, and relate to different functional objectives.

Indexed as

EmpathyModels, PsychologicalAdolescentAdultFemaleFriendsGames, ExperimentalHelping BehaviorHumansLaughterMale

Identifiers

PMID34388212
PMCPMC8362988
OpenAlexW3192223204

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.