SynthesisNursing in critical care2022
Development of the support needs after ICU (SNAC) questionnaire.
Synthesis in Nursing in critical care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Development of the support needs after ICU (SNAC) questionnaire.Nursing in critical care · 2022Pooled it
- Development and initial psychometric evaluation of a questionnaire for post intensive care recovery - PIR.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Article
- Patient-managed interventions for adults with bronchiectasis: evidence, challenges and prospects.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024Review
- Recovery following discharge from intensive care: What do patients think is helpful and what services are missing?PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo develop a questionnaire to identify Intensive Care survivor needs at key transitions during the recovery process, and assess its validity and reliability in a group of ICU survivors.
methodsDevelopment of the Support Needs After ICU (SNAC) questionnaire was based on a systematic scoping review, and analysis of patient interviews (n = 22). Face and content validity were assessed by service users (n = 12) and an expert panel of healthcare professionals (n = 6). A pilot survey among 200 ICU survivors assessed recruitment at one of five different stages after ICU discharge [(1) in hospital, (2) < 6 weeks, (3) 7 weeks to 6 months, (4) 7 to 12 months, or (5) 12 to 24 months post-hospital discharge]; to assess reliability of the SNAC questionnaire; and to conduct exploratory data analysis. Reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency; intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability. We explored correlations with sociodemographic variables using Pearson's correlation coefficient; differences between questionnaire scores and patient demographics using one-way ANOVA.
resultsThe SNAC questionnaire consisted of 32 items that assessed five categories of support needs (informational, emotional, instrumental [e.g. practical physical help, provision of equipment or training], appraisal [e.g. clinician feedback on recovery] and spiritual needs). ICU survivors were recruited from Northern Ireland, England and Scotland. From a total of 375 questionnaires distributed, 202 (54%) were returned. The questionnaire had high internal consistency (0.97) and high test-retest reliability (r = 0.8) with subcategories ranging from 0.3 to 0.9.
conclusionsThe SNAC questionnaire appears to be a comprehensive, valid, and reliable questionnaire. Further research will enable more robust examination of its properties e.g. factor analysis, and establish its utility in identifying whether patients' support needs evolve over time. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The SNAC questionnaire has the potential to be used to identify ICU survivors' needs and inform post-hospital support services.
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