ArticleCurrent vascular pharmacology2022
Pathogenic Mechanisms of Trimethylamine N-Oxide-induced Atherosclerosis and Cardiomyopathy.
Article in Current vascular pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Blood metabolome of cardiovascular disease, diabetic kidney disease, and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Endocrine research · 2025Pooled it
- The association between the gut microbiota metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and heart failure.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Processed plant-based meat-supplemented diet versus red meat-based supplemented diet randomized cross-over trial Finding Optimal Oral Diet-1 (FOOD-1) trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Important bioactives carnitine and betaine in milk and dairy products: a systematic review based on text mining and topic analysis.Food science of animal resources · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota‑derived metabolites in cardiovascular disease: Focus on trimethylamine N‑oxide, short‑chain fatty acids and bile acids (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- The Gut-Oral-Skin-Heart Microbiota Axis and Oxidative Stress: Where Have We Been and Where Are We Going.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine-producing microbe Bacillus megaterium KCTC 3007 promotes antitumor immunity in endometrial cancer via type I interferon response pathways.Microbiome · 2026Article
- The gut-heart axis in coronary artery disease: a scoping and narrative review of sex-based microbial and metabolic disparities.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis-induced chronic inflammation as a driver of atherosclerosis: cellular crosstalk and host-microbe interactions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Cardiometabolomic signatures and gut microbiota dynamics in perinatally undernourished FJournal of biosciences · 2026Article
- The gut-heart axis: a review of the mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of gut microbiota and their metabolites in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Metabolomics: Fundamentals, Methods, Analysis, Limits, and Recommendations.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Preliminary Study to Understand the Role of Gut Microbiota in Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon (CSFP).Metabolites · 2025Article
- Microbiota in Gut-Heart Axis: Metabolites and Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease.Comprehensive physiology · 2025Review
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Metabolic Interactions in Heart Failure.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Intestinal Microbiota and Aging in People with HIV-What We Know and What We Don't.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- A Narrative Review of the Role of Blood Biomarkers in the Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Diseases.Cureus · 2024Review
- Inulin does not affect trimethylamine N-oxide formation in mice with a high-fat diet combined with choline and L-carnitine.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds Produced by the Intestinal Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota metabolite derived from trimethylamine- containing nutrient precursors such as choline, L-carnitine, and betaine, which are rich in many vegetables, fruits, nuts, dairy products, and meats. An increasing number of clinical studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between elevated plasma TMAO levels and adverse cardiovascular events. It is commonly agreed that TMAO acts as an independent risk factor and a prognostic index for patients with cardiovascular disease. Although most animal (mainly rodent) data support the clinical findings, the mechanisms by which TMAO modulates the cardiovascular system are still not well understood. In this context, we provide an overview of the potential mechanisms underlying TMAO-induced cardiovascular diseases at the cellular and molecular levels, with a focus on atherosclerosis. We also address the direct effects of TMAO on cardiomyocytes (a new and under-researched area) and finally propose TMAO as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target for diagnosis and treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.