ArticleEClinicalMedicine2021
Socioeconomic deprivation and genetic ancestry interact to modify type 2 diabetes ethnic disparities in the United Kingdom.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence-Based Practice in Prescribing SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA Across Ethnic and Racial Groups: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Pooled it
- The economic burden of Type 2 Diabetes by social determinants of health: A systematic review.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Inorganic nitrate benefits contrast-induced nephropathy after coronary angiography for acute coronary syndromes: the NITRATE-CIN trial.European heart journal · 2024Trial
- Assessment of the impact of a personalised nutrition intervention in impaired glucose regulation over 26 weeks: a randomised controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Supporting professionals to talk about remission with people with type 2 diabetes: Using multi-methods to develop a communication guidance resource.PEC innovation · 2026Article
- Genetic and Clinical Determinants of Variation in Drug Response in Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From the Scottish and UK Biobank Cohorts.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Review
- Variations in the Risk of New-Onset Diabetes Following COVID-19 Infection Across Body Mass Index, Deprivation, Ethnicity and Geographic Regions: Population-Based Cohort Study in 42 Million People in England.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Differential Pathophysiological Drivers of Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Ethnic Differences in Insulin Dynamics, Whole-Body Fat Metabolism, and Organ-Specific Lipid Deposition.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Associations of age at type 2 diabetes diagnosis with ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation: observational study in 11.5 million people in England.International journal for equity in health · 2026Observational
- Topological stratification of continuous genetic variation in large biobanks.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Associations of self-identified race and ethnicity and genetic ancestry with mortality among cancer survivors.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Small left ventricular size as a predictor for incident type 2 diabetes: insights from the UK biobank cardiovascular magnetic resonance substudy.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Ancestry Calibration of Polygenic Risk Scores Improves Risk Stratification and Effect Estimation in African American Adults.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic and temporal heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 exposure and disease in England from May 2020 to February 2023.Science advances · 2025Article
- The health impacts and genetic architecture of food liking in cardio-metabolic diseases.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Efficient and accurate framework for genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis in large-scale biobanks.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Medication prescribing and pregnancy-related risk factors for women with type 2 diabetes of reproductive age within primary care: a cross-sectional investigation for the PREPARED study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2025Article
- Identifying Key Moments in Type 2 Diabetes Management: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of People With Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetes Health Coaches.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex common disease that disproportionately impacts minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom (UK). Socioeconomic deprivation (SED) is widely considered as a potential explanation for T2D ethnic disparities in the UK, whereas the effect of genetic ancestry (GA) on such disparities has yet to be studied.
methodsWe leveraged data from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study, with participants enrolled between 2006 and 2010, to model the relationship between SED (Townsend index), GA (clustering principal components of whole genome genotype data), and T2D status (ICD-10 codes) across the three largest ethnic groups in the UK - Asian, Black, and White - using multivariable logistic regression.
findingsThe Asian group shows the highest T2D prevalence (17·9%), followed by the Black (11·7%) and White (5·5%) ethnic groups. We find that both SED (OR: 1·11, 95% CI: 1·10-1·11) and non-European GA (OR South Asian versus European: 4·37, 95% CI: 4·10-4·66; OR African versus European: 2·52, 95% CI: 2·23-2·85) are significantly associated with the observed T2D disparities. GA and SED show significant interaction effects on T2D, with SED being a relatively greater risk factor for T2D for individuals with South Asian and African ancestry, compared to those with European ancestry.
interpretationThe significant interactions between SED and GA underscore how the effects of environmental risk factors can differ among ancestry groups, suggesting the need for grou
fundingThis work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Distinguished Scholars Program (DSP) to LMR and the Division of Intramural Research (DIR) of the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) at NIH.
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Registered trials
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