ReviewCardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism2021
The acute vs. chronic effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity: nothing lasts forever.
Review in Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Role of Recreational Activities and Dietary Management in Treating Hypertension and Hyperglycaemia in Adults in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Pooled it
- Improvements in glucose metabolism after high-, but not low-, volume strength exercise in individuals with obesity are associated with baseline insulin resistance: a secondary analysis from a randomized clinical trial.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Impact of carbohydrate timing on glucose metabolism and substrate oxidation following high-intensity evening aerobic exercise in athletes: a randomized controlled study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Trial
- Impact of Exercise Manual Program on Biochemical Markers in Sedentary Prediabetic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Trial
- Energy constraint on human health.Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2026Review
- Reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (REHIT) provides limited improvement in post-prandial and 24-hour glycemia in healthy, physically active men.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2026Article
- Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance and Their Performance as Predictors of Treatment Response in Overweight Adults.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- The metabolic role of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 and its UCN peptides: emerging therapeutic potential.Skeletal muscle · 2025Review
- Effects of acute exercise on inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers in women: a randomized controlled trial.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- The Influence of Motivation and Memorable Message Receipt on the Exercise and Eating Habits of Black Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Article
- The effects of different exercise types on insulin resistance and inflammatory markers in overweight female wrestlers.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Exercise in Obesity Management: Independent and Synergistic Benefits in Metabolism and Knowledge Gaps.Biology · 2025Review
- The Effect of Effort During a Resistance Exercise Session on Glycemic Control in Individuals Living With Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
- Article
- Responses of Endothelial Progenitor Cells to Chronic and Acute Physical Activity in Healthy Individuals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Effect of Exercise Conditioning on Countering the Effects of Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Horses-A Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Article
- Type 1 Diabetes and the Menstrual Cycle: Where/How Does Exercise Fit in?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Digital Biomarkers for Personalized Nutrition: Predicting Meal Moments and Interstitial Glucose with Non-Invasive, Wearable Technologies.Nutrients · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Regular exercise causes chronic adaptations in anatomy/physiology that provide first-line defense for disease prevention/treatment ('exercise is medicine'). However, transient changes in function that occur following each exercise bout (acute effect) are also important to consider. For example, in contrast to chronic adaptations, the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity is predominantly rooted in a prolonged acute effect (PAE) that can last up to 72 h. Untrained individuals and individuals with lower insulin sensitivity benefit more from this effect and even trained individuals with high insulin sensitivity restore most of a detraining-induced loss following one session of resumed training. Consequently, exercise to combat insulin resistance that begins the pathological journey to cardiometabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be prescribed with precision to elicit a PAE on insulin sensitivity to serve as a first-line defense prior to pharmaceutical intervention or, when such intervention is necessary, a potential adjunct to it. Video Abstract: http://links.lww.com/CAEN/A27.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.