ArticleResearch and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis2021
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in end-stage renal disease: Reliability of the PF4-heparin ELISA.
Article in Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a challenging diagnosis in haemodialysis-state of art and review of the literature.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Inter-Observer Agreement and Laboratory Correlation of the 4T Scoring Model for Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia: A Single-Center Retrospective Study and Literature Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Type II Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia: An Underrecognized Cause of Dialysis Catheter Dysfunction - A Case Report.Cureus · 2023Article
- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in end-stage renal disease: Reliability of the PF4-heparin ELISA.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2021Article
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/HemostasisReview
- Coronary Artery Disease and Axillary Lymphadenopathy Post COVID-19 Vaccine Administration: Insights from Tl-201 Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDiagnosing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) can be difficult, as they are frequently exposed to heparin and have multiple etiologies for thrombocytopenia.
objectiveTo correlate 4T scores, IgG heparin-platelet factor 4 (PF4-heparin) ELISA results, and serotonin release assay (SRA) results in patients with ESRD.
methodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients with ESRD (creatinine clearance < 15 mL/min or on renal replacement therapy [RRT]) who underwent PF4-heparin ELISA testing from October 2015 to September 2019. True-positive PF4s required an intermediate to high 4T score (≥4), a positive SRA, and receipt of treatment for a HIT diagnosis. False-positive PF4s were defined as a positive PF4 with a negative SRA, low 4T score (<4), or lack of treatment for HIT. Indeterminant cases were classified on the basis of clinical assessment by the treating team (eg, hematology or vascular medicine).
resultsOf 254 patients with ESRD (92% on RRT), 29 patients (11.4%) had a positive PF4. Eleven (37.9%) had a confirmed diagnosis of HIT: 10 patients who met all of the above criteria, and one who met the 4T criteria and was treated for HIT but did not have SRA testing due to high clinical suspicion and a positive PF4 test. False-positive PF4 values occurred in 8 patients (27.5%). Of 10 (34.5%) indeterminant cases of patients with a negative SRA but intermediate to high 4T and positive PF4, only 3 patients were treated for HIT, whereas the other 7 were judged not to have HIT as assessed by the treating clinician. In patients with an intermediate to high 4T score and PF4 optical density > 0.4 but negative SRA, who were not treated for HIT, there were no adverse outcomes documented such as new or progressive thrombosis.
conclusionIn our ESRD population, 4T scores and PF4 testing were not predictive of a clinical diagnosis of HIT.
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