Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34385988›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2021

Distribution of HCV Genotypes Among People Who Inject Drugs in Tunisia: New Evidence for Scaling Up Prevention and Treatment Toward National Elimination Goal.

Anissa Chouikha, Amine Ghrabi, Amira Ghodbane, Walid Hammemi, Marwa Khedhiri, Amel Sadraoui, Henda Touzi, Hichem Ben Hassine, Sonia Maatoug, Chaima Bensaoud and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact, top 88% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Anissa ChouikhaLaboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Amine GhrabiAssociation Tunisienne d'Information et d'Orientation sur le SIDA et la Toxicomanie (Tunisian Association for Information and Orientation on HIV/AIDS and Toxicomania - ATIOST), Tunis, Tunisia.
Amira GhodbaneLaboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Walid HammemiLaboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Marwa KhedhiriLaboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Amel SadraouiLaboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Henda TouziLaboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Hichem Ben HassineScience Shop, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
Sonia MaatougScience Shop, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
Chaima BensaoudScience Shop, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
Sonia AbdelhakScience Shop, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia.
Samir BouarroujAssociation Tunisienne d'Information et d'Orientation sur le SIDA et la Toxicomanie (Tunisian Association for Information and Orientation on HIV/AIDS and Toxicomania - ATIOST), Tunis, Tunisia.
Mariem GdouraLaboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Hedia ChaouachiAssociation Tunisienne d'Information et d'Orientation sur le SIDA et la Toxicomanie (Tunisian Association for Information and Orientation on HIV/AIDS and Toxicomania - ATIOST), Tunis, Tunisia.
Henda TrikiLaboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis and Measles in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
Tunis El Manar University · TNInstitut Pasteur de Tunis · TNTunisian Union of Agriculture and Fisheries · TNInstitute of Parasitology · CZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Little is known about the distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes among people who inject drugs (PWID) in North African countries, including Tunisia. This study aims to describe HCV genotypes circulating among Tunisian PWID. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 128 HCV-positive PWID were recruited between 2018 and 2019 from community-based harm reduction centers. After informed consent, sociodemographic characteristics and risk behavior data were obtained using an interviewer-administrated questionnaire. Blood samples were collected for further serological and molecular testing. Overall, five women and 123 men were included. The median age was 39.5 years. The majority of PWID (56.3%) had less than a secondary level of education, were single (57%), were unemployed (65.6%), were incarcerated at least once (93.0%), and had a history of residency in at least one foreign country (50.8%). During the previous 12 months, 82.0% reported having reused syringes at least once, 43.8% shared syringes at least once, while 56.2% had at least one unprotected sexual relation, and 28.1% had more than two different sexual partners. Tattooing was reported among 60.2%. All positive results for HCV-infection by rapid testing were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HCV-RNA was detectable in 79.7%. Genotyping showed a predominance of genotype 1 (52%) followed by genotype 3 (34%) and genotype 4 (10%). Four patients (4%) had an intergenotype mixed infection. Subtyping showed the presence of six different HCV subtypes as follows: 1a (53.2%), 1b (6.4%), 3a (33.0%), 4a (3.2%), and 4d (4.3%). This is the first study describing circulating HCV genotypes among PWID in Tunisia. The distribution of HCV genotypes is distinct from the general population with a predominance of subtypes 1a and 3a. These findings can be used to guide national efforts aiming to optimize the access of PWID to relevant HCV prevention and treatment measures including pangenotypic regimens for patients infected with HCV genotype 3.

Indexed as

hepatitis C virusinjecting drug userspreventionPWIDsubstance abusetreatmentTunisia

Identifiers

PMID34385988
PMCPMC8353188
OpenAlexW3186715458

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.