ArticleNPJ vaccines2021
Oral vaccination stimulates neutrophil functionality and exerts protection in a Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection model.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Jejunal mucosal immune response in goats ten months afterThe veterinary quarterly · 2026Article
- Paratuberculosis vaccination induces a phenotype consistent with trained immunity in bovine neutrophils.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Advances in paratuberculosis research and control: a comprehensive expert review.BMC veterinary research · 2026Review
- Challenge Specific Modulation of Responses to Adjuvant-Induced Innate Immune Memory.Immunology · 2026Article
- Dual effects of probiotic administration prior to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection are associated with immunological and microbiota shifts.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sheep challenged with sheep-derived type II Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: the first experimental model of paratuberculosis in China.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- No Evidence of Neutrophil Response Modulation in Goats after Immunization against Paratuberculosis with a Heat-Inactivated Vaccine.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Cathepsin S Is More Abundant in Serum ofMetabolites · 2024Article
- Non-specific effects of inactivated Mycobacterium bovis oral and parenteral treatment in a rabbit scabies model.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- Evaluation of alternative vaccination routes against paratuberculosis in goats.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Probiotic bacteria can modulate immune responses to paratuberculosis vaccination.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Modeling Paratuberculosis in Laboratory Animals, Cells, or Tissues: A Focus on Their Applications for Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Vaccines, and Therapy Studies.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Evaluation of the innate immune response of caprine neutrophils against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in vitro.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- Assessment of Paratuberculosis Vaccination Effect on In Vitro Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in a Sheep Model.Vaccines · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) causes paratuberculosis (PTB), a granulomatous enteritis in ruminants that exerts high economic impact on the dairy industry worldwide. Current vaccines have shown to be cost-effective against Map and in some cases confer beneficial non-specific effects against other pathogens suggesting the existence of trained immunity. Although Map infection is mainly transmitted by the fecal-oral route, oral vaccination has not been deeply studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the oral route with a set of mycobacterial and non-mycobacterial vaccines with a subcutaneously administered commercially available vaccine. Training effects on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and homologous and heterologous in vivo protection against Map were investigated in the rabbit infection model. Oral vaccination with inactivated or live vaccines was able to activate mucosal immunity as seen by elevation of serum IgA and the expression of IL4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, peripheral PMN phagocytosis against Map was enhanced by vaccination and extracellular trap release against Map and non-related pathogens was modified by both, vaccination and Map-challenge, indicating trained immunity. Finally, PBMCs from vaccinated animals stimulated in vitro with Map antigens showed a rapid innate activation cytokine profile. In conclusion, our data show that oral vaccination against PTB can stimulate neutrophil activity and both innate and adaptive immune responses that correlate with protection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.