Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34385262›Full record

ArticleGenes & development2021

Discovery of ciliary G protein-coupled receptors regulating pancreatic islet insulin and glucagon secretion.

Chien-Ting Wu, Keren I Hilgendorf, Romina J Bevacqua, Yan Hang, Janos Demeter, Seung K Kim, Peter K Jackson

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genes & development, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Primary cilia dysfunction: A critical driver of metabolic diseases (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Chien-Ting WuBaxter Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Keren I HilgendorfBaxter Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8377-8384
Romina J BevacquaDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Yan HangDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Janos DemeterBaxter Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Seung K Kim *Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Peter K Jackson *Baxter Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Stanford Medicine · USStanford University · USUniversity of Utah · US

Funding

Vanderbilt Diabetes Research CenterP30DK020593 · NIDDK · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI ALVIN C POWERS · 2012 to 2026
$29.3M
Stanford Islet Research CoreP30DK116074 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Seung K Kim · 2017 to 2026
$19.5M
Mapping the CPLANE interactome, an extensive protein interaction network underlying human ciliopathiesR01HD085901 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI EDWARD M MARCOTTE, John B Wallingford · 2016 to 2026
$6.2M
Mechanisms of Ciliary Signaling Controlling Obesity and Metabolic DiseaseR01GM121565 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI JACKSON, PETER KENT · 2017 to 2025
$4.3M
Therapeutic targeting of human islets with recombinant regulatory T cellsU01DK123743 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KIM, SEUNG K, MEYER, EVERETT · 2019 to 2022
$2.9M
In vivo systems to discover mechanisms regulating human islet alpha cell functionR01DK126482 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KIM, SEUNG K, MACDONALD, PATRICK · 2020 to 2023
$2.2M
Fatty Acid Signaling via GPCRs in Primary Cilia Controls Adipogenesis and Insulin Secretion, Regulating Obesity and DiabetesR01DK127665 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI JACKSON, PETER KENT, KIM, SEUNG K · 2021 to 2024
$2.0M
Regulation of gastrointestinal hormone signaling and metabolism by Neuromedin UR01DK107507 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KIM, SEUNG K · 2017 to 2021
$2.0M
Discovering genetic and hormonal mechanisms underlying diabetes risk from flies to humansR01DK108817 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KIM, SEUNG K · 2018 to 2022
$2.0M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD085901NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020593NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK116074NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK107507NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK108817NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK126482NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK127665NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK123743NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM121565
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multiple G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed in pancreatic islet cells, but the majority have unknown functions. We observed specific GPCRs localized to primary cilia, a prominent signaling organelle, in pancreatic α and β cells. Loss of cilia disrupts β-cell endocrine function, but the molecular drivers are unknown. Using functional expression, we identified multiple GPCRs localized to cilia in mouse and human islet α and β cells, including FFAR4, PTGER4, ADRB2, KISS1R, and P2RY14. Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4) and prostaglandin E receptor 4 (PTGER4) agonists stimulate ciliary cAMP signaling and promote glucagon and insulin secretion by α- and β-cell lines and by mouse and human islets. Transport of GPCRs to primary cilia requires TULP3, whose knockdown in primary human and mouse islets relocalized ciliary FFAR4 and PTGER4 and impaired regulated glucagon or insulin secretion, without affecting ciliary structure. Our findings provide index evidence that regulated hormone secretion by islet α and β cells is controlled by ciliary GPCRs providing new targets for diabetes.

Indexed as

Insulin-Secreting CellsIslets of LangerhansAnimalsGlucagonInsulinInsulin SecretionIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMiceReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledGlucagonInsulinIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledTulp3 protein, mouseciliadiabetesglucagonglucose-stimulated insulin secretioninsulinobesitypancreasα cellsβ cells

Identifiers

PMID34385262
PMCPMC8415323
OpenAlexW3188010363

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.