ArticleBMJ open2021
Community health worker-led, technology-enabled private sector intervention for diabetes and hypertension management among urban poor: a retrospective cohort study from large Indian metropolitan city.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06258473 (Addressing Gaps in the Hypertension and Diabetes Care Continuum in Rural Bangladesh Through mHealth and Decentralized Primary Care), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Addressing Gaps in the Hypertension and Diabetes Care Continuum in Rural Bangladesh Through mHealth and Decentralized Primary Care: The Dinajpur Study
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Community-Based Hypertension Screening to Prevent Stroke in Underserved Urban Neighborhoods in French Guiana: Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Impact of Digital Intervention vs WHO Package of Essential Noncommunicable Disease Interventions Approach for Prevention and Control in Resource-Limited Settings: Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Addressing Gaps in the Hypertension and Diabetes Care Continuum in Rural Bangladesh Through Digital Technology Supported Decentralized Primary Care: Study Protocol and Baseline Results for a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
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- Evaluation of a diabetes decentralization program in rural Madagascar using the RE-AIM framework.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Barriers and facilitators for the use of telehealth by healthcare providers in India-A systematic review.PLOS digital health · 2024Article
- Health Disparities and Maladaptive Behavior in Response to Extreme Heat: Impacts on Mental Health Among Older Adults.Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services · 2024Article
- Empowering Communities: A Review of Community-Based Outreach Programs in Controlling Hypertension in India.Cureus · 2023Review
- Article
- A situational analysis of human resource and non-communicable diseases management for community health workers in Chengdu, China: a cross-sectional study.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Advancing Access to Healthcare through Telehealth: A Brownsville Community Assessment.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Perceived barriers and enablers influencing health extension workers toward home-based hypertension screening in rural northwest Ethiopia: interpretive descriptive study.BMC health services research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe assessed the effectiveness of community health workers (CHWs)-led, technology-enabled programme as a large-scale, real-world solution for screening and long-term management of diabetes and hypertension in low-income and middle-income countries.
designRetrospective cohort design.
settingForty-seven low-income neighbourhoods of Hyderabad, a large Indian metropolis.
participantsParticipants (aged ≥20 years) who subscribed to an ongoing community-based chronic disease management programme employing CHWs and technology to manage diabetes and hypertension. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: We used deidentified programme data between 1 March 2015 and 8 October 2018 to measure participants' pre-enrolment and post-enrolment retention rate and within time-interval mean difference in participants' fasting blood glucose and blood pressure using Kaplan-Meier and mixed-effect regression models, respectively.
results51 126 participants were screened (median age 41 years; 65.2% women). Participant acquisition rate (screening to enrolment) was 4%. Median (IQR) retention period was 163.3 days (87.9-288.8), with 12 months postenrolment retention rate as 16.5% (95% CI 14.7 to 18.3). Reduction in blood glucose and blood pressure levels varied by participants' retention in the programme. Adjusted mean difference from baseline ranged from -14.0 mg/dL (95% CI -18.1 to -10.0) to -27.9 mg/dL (95% CI -47.6 to -8.1) for fasting blood glucose; -2.7 mm Hg (95% CI -7.2 to 2.7) to -7.1 mm Hg (95% CI -9.1 to -4.9) for systolic blood pressure and -1.7 mm Hg (95% CI -4.6 to 1.1) to -4.2 mm Hg (95% CI -4.9 to -3.6) for diastolic blood pressure.
conclusionsCHW-led, technology-enabled private sector interventions can feasibly screen individuals for non-communicable diseases and effectively manage those who continue on the programme in the long run. However, changes in the model (eg, integration with the public health system to reduce out-of-pocket expenditure) may be needed to increase its adoption by individuals and thereby improve its cost-effectiveness.
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