ReviewExperimental brain research2021
One more time about motor (and non-motor) synergies.
Review in Experimental brain research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Post-Stroke Abnormal Synergies Are a Resultant Behavior of the Interplay of Weakness, Spasticity, and Environmental Demands.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2026Review
- Effects of first-step constraints on multi-muscle synergies and early postural adjustments during step initiation.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Same geometry, different dynamics: what uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis misses about motor control.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Two-digit grasp as pointing movements by the opposing digits: evidence based on the uncontrolled manifold analysis.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Force production with a subset of fingers: two aspects of unintentional finger involvement.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Stability of movement by a multi-element system: drifts and random walk within and orthogonal to the uncontrolled manifold during multi-finger force production.Experimental brain research · 2026Review
- Whole-body pointing as superposition of two multi-joint components.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Functional changes in spinal circuitry in essential tremor revealed with analysis of intramuscle synergies.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Machine learning identifies distinct movement control impairment clusters in patients with chronic neck pain.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Insights into motor control: predict muscle activity from upper limb kinematics with LSTM networks.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- When expertise recalibrates perception: skill-dependent dissociation between perceived effort and objective force in calligraphy.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Stability of performance in a hierarchical system during isometric force production and effects of visual feedback.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- Analysis of High-Dimensional Coordination in Human Movement Using Variance Spectrum Scaling and Intrinsic Dimensionality.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Force drifts and matching errors in the lower extremities: implications for the control and perception of foot force.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Two aspects of feed-forward control of action stability: effects of action speed and unexpected events.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Force matching: motor effects that are not reported by the actor.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Cervicocephalic kinaesthesia reveals novel subgroups of motor control impairments in patients with neck pain.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Concurrent Supra-Postural Auditory-Hand Coordination Task Affects Postural Control: Using Sonification to Explore Environmental Unpredictability in Factors Affecting Fall Risk.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Temporal localization of upper extremity bilateral synergistic coordination using wearable accelerometers.PeerJ · 2024Article
- Postural adjustments to self-triggered perturbations under conditions of changes in body orientation.Experimental brain research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We revisit the concept of synergy based on the recently translated classical book by Nikolai Bernstein (On the construction of movements, Medgiz, Moscow 1947; Latash, Bernstein's Construction of Movements, Routledge, Abingdon 2020b) and progress in understanding the physics and neurophysiology of biological action. Two aspects of synergies are described: organizing elements into stable groups (modes) and ensuring dynamical stability of salient performance variables. The ability of the central nervous system to attenuate synergies in preparation for a quick action-anticipatory synergy adjustments-is emphasized. Recent studies have demonstrated synergies at the level of hypothetical control variables associated with spatial referent coordinates for effectors. Overall, the concept of synergies fits naturally the hierarchical scheme of control with referent coordinates with an important role played by back-coupling loops within the central nervous system and from peripheral sensory endings. Further, we review studies showing non-trivial changes in synergies with development, aging, fatigue, practice, and a variety of neurological disorders. Two aspects of impaired synergic control-impaired stability and impaired agility-are introduced. The recent generalization of the concept of synergies for non-motor domains, including perception, is discussed. We end the review with a list of unresolved and troubling issues.
Indexed as
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34383080What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.