Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34382360›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2022

Functional siRNA Delivery by Extracellular Vesicle-Liposome Hybrid Nanoparticles.

Martijn J W Evers, Simonides I van de Wakker, Ellis M de Groot, Olivier G de Jong, Jerney J J Gitz-François, Cor S Seinen, Joost P G Sluijter, Raymond M Schiffelers, Pieter Vader

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
119citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
10.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

119 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 193 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. Exosomes as Emerging Nanocarriers for Targeted Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026
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59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Martijn J W EversCDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
Simonides I van de WakkerDepartment of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
Ellis M de GrootCDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
Olivier G de JongCDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
Jerney J J Gitz-FrançoisCDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
Cor S SeinenCDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
Joost P G SluijterDepartment of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
Raymond M SchiffelersCDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.
Pieter VaderCDL Research, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-7059-8920
Utrecht University · NLUniversity Medical Center Utrecht · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The therapeutic use of RNA interference is limited by the inability of siRNA molecules to reach their site of action, the cytosol of target cells. Lipid nanoparticles, including liposomes, are commonly employed as siRNA carrier systems to overcome this hurdle, although their widespread use remains limited due to a lack of delivery efficiency. More recently, nature's own carriers of RNA, extracellular vesicles (EVs), are increasingly being considered as alternative siRNA delivery vehicles due to their intrinsic properties. However, they are difficult to load with exogenous cargo. Here, EV-liposome hybrid nanoparticles (hybrids) are prepared and evaluated as an alternative delivery system combining properties of both liposomes and EVs. It is shown that hybrids are spherical particles encapsulating siRNA, contain EV-surface makers, and functionally deliver siRNA to different cell types. The functional behavior of hybrids, in terms of cellular uptake, toxicity, and gene-silencing efficacy, is altered as compared to liposomes and varies among recipient cell types. Moreover, hybrids produced with cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) derived-EVs retain functional properties attributed to CPC-EVs such as activation of endothelial signaling and migration. To conclude, hybrids combine benefits of both synthetic and biological drug delivery systems and might serve as future therapeutic carriers of siRNA.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesNanoparticlesDrug Delivery SystemsLiposomesRNA, Small InterferingLipid NanoparticlesLiposomesRNA, Small Interferingdrug deliveryexosomesextracellular vesiclesliposomesnucleic acidssiRNA

Identifiers

PMID34382360
PMCPMC11468224
OpenAlexW3191710718

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.