Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34382354›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2021

Dual Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Tracking of Magnetically Driven Micromotors: From In Vitro to In Vivo.

Azaam Aziz, Joost Holthof, Sandra Meyer, Oliver G Schmidt, Mariana Medina-Sánchez

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

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  12. Microrobotic Swarms for Cancer Therapy.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025
    Review
  13. Advanced Imaging Strategies Based on Intelligent Micro/Nanomotors.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Azaam AzizInstitute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
Joost HolthofFUJIFILM VisualSonics Inc., Amsterdam, 1114 AB, The Netherlands.
Sandra MeyerFUJIFILM VisualSonics Inc., Amsterdam, 1114 AB, The Netherlands.
Oliver G SchmidtInstitute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
Mariana Medina-SánchezInstitute for Integrative Nanosciences, Leibniz IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6149-3732

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The fast evolution of medical micro- and nanorobots in the endeavor to perform non-invasive medical operations in living organisms has boosted the use of diverse medical imaging techniques in the last years. Among those techniques, photoacoustic imaging (PAI), considered a functional technique, has shown to be promising for the visualization of micromotors in deep tissue with high spatiotemporal resolution as it possesses the molecular specificity of optical methods and the penetration depth of ultrasound. However, the precise maneuvering and function's control of medical micromotors, in particular in living organisms, require both anatomical and functional imaging feedback. Therefore, herein, the use of high-frequency ultrasound and PAI is reported to obtain anatomical and molecular information, respectively, of magnetically-driven micromotors in vitro and under ex vivo tissues. Furthermore, the steerability of the micromotors is demonstrated by the action of an external magnetic field into the uterus and bladder of living mice in real-time, being able to discriminate the micromotors' signal from one of the endogenous chromophores by multispectral analysis. Finally, the successful loading and release of a model cargo by the micromotors toward non-invasive in vivo medical interventions is demonstrated.

Indexed as

Diagnostic ImagingPhotoacoustic TechniquesAnimalsMiceUltrasonographydual in vivo imagingmedical trackingmicromotorsphotoacousticsultrasound

Identifiers

PMID34382354
PMCPMC11469181

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.