Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34382331›Full record

ArticleInternational wound journal2022

Our contemporary understanding of the aetiology of pressure ulcers/pressure injuries.

Amit Gefen, David M Brienza, Janet Cuddigan, Emily Haesler, Jan Kottner

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International wound journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 98 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
98citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
71.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

98 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 264 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Dressings and topical agents for preventing pressure ulcers.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024
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38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Amit GefenThe Herbert J. Berman Chair in Vascular Bioengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-7218
David M BrienzaDepartments of Rehabilitation Science and Technology & Bioengineering and the McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6335-2925
Janet CuddiganCollege of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Emily HaeslerSchool of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5300-8802
Jan KottnerCharité Center 1 for Health and Human Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0750-3818
Australian National University · AUCharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · DETel Aviv University · ILUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 2019, the third and updated edition of the Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) on Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers/Injuries has been published. In addition to this most up-to-date evidence-based guidance for clinicians, related topics such as pressure ulcers (PUs)/pressure injuries (PIs) aetiology, classification, and future research needs were considered by the teams of experts. To elaborate on these topics, this is the third paper of a series of the CPG articles, which summarises the latest understanding of the aetiology of PUs/PIs with a special focus on the effects of soft tissue deformation. Sustained deformations of soft tissues cause initial cell death and tissue damage that ultimately may result in the formation of PUs/PIs. High tissue deformations result in cell damage on a microscopic level within just a few minutes, although it may take hours of sustained loading for the damage to become clinically visible. Superficial skin damage seems to be primarily caused by excessive shear strain/stress exposures, deeper PUs/PIs predominantly result from high pressures in combination with shear at the surface over bony prominences, or under stiff medical devices. Therefore, primary PU/PI prevention should aim for minimising deformations by either reducing the peak strain/stress values in tissues or decreasing the exposure time.

Indexed as

Pressure UlcerHumansPressureStress, Mechanicalaetiologypressure injurypressure ulcerrisk

Identifiers

PMID34382331
PMCPMC8874092
OpenAlexW3193183320

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.