Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34381308›Full record

ReviewMediators of inflammation2021

Inflammation and Alzheimer's Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications by Natural Products.

Mashoque Ahmad Rather, Andleeb Khan, Saeed Alshahrani, Hina Rashid, Marwa Qadri, Summya Rashid, Rana M Alsaffar, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Muneeb U Rehman

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Mediators of inflammation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. A Review on the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease.Current protein & peptide science · 2026
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Vaccines for Alzheimer's disease: a brief scoping review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. MnTheranostics · 2025
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mashoque Ahmad RatherDepartment of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu 608002, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3627-5538
Andleeb KhanDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-3309
Saeed AlshahraniDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9626-219X
Hina RashidDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1913-3893
Marwa QadriDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6548-411X
Summya RashidDepartment of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Rana M AlsaffarDepartment of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammad Amjad Kamal *King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0088-0565
Muneeb U Rehman *Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9995-6576

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no clear causative event making the disease difficult to diagnose and treat. The pathological hallmarks of AD include amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and widespread neuronal loss. Amyloid-beta has been extensively studied and targeted to develop an effective disease-modifying therapy, but the success rate in clinical practice is minimal. Recently, neuroinflammation has been focused on as the event in AD progression to be targeted for therapies. Various mechanistic pathways including cytokines and chemokines, complement system, oxidative stress, and cyclooxygenase pathways are linked to neuroinflammation in the AD brain. Many cells including microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes work together to protect the brain from injury. This review is focused to better understand the AD inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs to slow down the progression of AD.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAstrocytesBiological ProductsBrainCytokinesDisease ProgressionHumansInflammasomesInflammationMAP Kinase Signaling SystemMiceMicrogliaNeuroinflammatory DiseasesAmyloid beta-PeptidesAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBiological ProductsCytokinesInflammasomesNF-kappa B

Identifiers

PMID34381308
PMCPMC8352708

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.