ArticleScientific reports2021
Cytotoxic effects on cancerous and non-cancerous cells of trans-cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and eugenol.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiofilm Activity of a Thermoformable Material Loaded With Essential Oil Solution.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2026Article
- Eugenol as a Potential Neuroprotective Agent in Neuroinflammation Models: a Mini-Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Synergistic inhibition of metastatic melanoma by carvacrol and chloroquine: an in vitro and in silico investigation of apoptosis and molecular targets.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- GC-MS Profiling and Antimicrobial Activity of Eight Essential Oils Against Opportunistic Pathogens with Biofilm-Forming Potential.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- GC/MS Analysis, Cytotoxicity, and Antimicrobial Properties of Six Moroccan Essential Oils Traditionally Used for COVID-19 Prevention.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Carvacrol as a Therapeutic Candidate in Breast Cancer: Insights into Subtype-Specific Cellular Modulation.Biology · 2025Article
- Reproductive Toxicity Assessment of Four Portuguese Plant Hydrolates: Effects on Oocyte Maturation and Sperm Viability.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- A Comparative Review of Eugenol and Citral Anticandidal Mechanisms: Partners in Crimes Against Fungi.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Cinnamaldehyde potentiates cytotoxic and apoptogenic effects of doxorubicin in prostate cancer cell line.Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Article
- 3-NAntC: A Potent Crotoxin B-Derived Peptide against the Triple-Negative MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Advancements in the Cultivation, Active Components, and Pharmacological Activities ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Cinnamaldehyde reduces inflammatory responses in chronic rhinosinusitis by inhibiting TRPM8 expression.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Syzygium aromaticum essential oil and its major constituents: Assessment of activity against Candida spp. and toxicity.PloS one · 2024Article
- Synthesis of Biocompatible Nanoporous ZIF-8-Gum Arabic as a New Carrier for the Targeted Delivery of Curcumin.ACS omega · 2023Article
- pH-sensitive charge-conversion cinnamaldehyde polymeric prodrug micelles for effective targeted chemotherapy of osteosarcomaFrontiers in chemistry · 2023Article
- Essential oils block cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation ofPharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Integrative nanoformulation of paclitaxel, ruthenium (II), and curcumin for enhanced oral cancer cell suppression.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Essential oils and their active components, referred here as plant derived antimicrobials (PDAs), have been used for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Many reports also document PDAs' cytotoxic effects on cancerous cells, raising the hope that they could be used for cancer treatments. Due to the lack of specificity, we hypothesize that PDAs are cytotoxic to both cancerous and non-cancerous cells. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA), carvacrol, and eugenol were assessed for their cytotoxicity on cancerous HeLa cells and normal skin fibroblasts (CCD-1123Sk, CCD) by MTT and LDH assays, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). After 24 h of treatment, carvacrol and TCA significantly decreased cell viability (by more than 50%) at 100 µg/ml, whereas eugenol was ineffective up to 400 µg/ml. Cell detachment and significantly increased apoptosis were observed with 100 µg/ml of TCA on both cell types. RT-qPCR for apoptotic genes (BCL2, CASP3 and CASP8) and necrosis genes (MLKL, RIPK1 and RIPK3) did not show significant differences between control and treated cells of both types, with the exception of eugenol-treated HeLa cells in which expression of BCL2, MLKL and RIPK1 was significantly higher than controls. Taken together, we conclude that the three PDAs studied here exhibited similar cytotoxic effects on both cancerous and non-cancerous cells.
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