Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34380734›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Novel allosteric ligands of the angiotensin receptor AT1R as autoantibody blockers.

Khuraijam Dhanachandra Singh, Zaira P Jara, Terri Harford, Prasenjit Prasad Saha, Triveni R Pardhi, Russell Desnoyer, Sadashiva S Karnik

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Khuraijam Dhanachandra SinghDepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195.ORCID 0000-0003-0506-6896
Zaira P JaraDepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195.
Terri HarfordDepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195.ORCID 0000-0001-6590-0673
Prasenjit Prasad SahaDepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195.
Triveni R PardhiDepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195.ORCID 0000-0001-9872-6253
Russell DesnoyerDepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195.ORCID 0000-0003-2210-6810
Sadashiva S KarnikDepartment of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195 karniks@ccf.org.
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine · US

Funding

Modulation of Protective RAS-GPCR Pathways in Aortic DiseaseR01HL142091 · NHLBI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI KARNIK, SADASHIVA S · 2018 to 2021
$2.6M
Structure-Guided Studied of GPCRs of RASR01HL132351 · NHLBI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI KARNIK, SADASHIVA S · 2017 to 2019
$1.6M
Structure-Guided Analysis of Mechanisms of AT1R FunctionsR56HL132351 · NHLBI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI KARNIK, SADASHIVA S · 2016 to 2016
$548k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL132351NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL142091NHLBI NIH HHS R56 HL132351
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While orthosteric ligands of the angiotensin II (AngII) type 1 receptor (AT1R) are available for clinical and research applications, allosteric ligands are not known for this important G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Allosteric ligands are useful tools to modulate receptor pharmacology and subtype selectivity. Here, we report AT1R allosteric ligands for a potential application to block autoimmune antibodies. The epitope of autoantibodies for AT1R is outside the orthosteric pocket in the extracellular loop 2. A molecular dynamics simulation study of AT1R structure reveals the presence of a druggable allosteric pocket encompassing the autoantibody epitope. Small molecule binders were then identified for this pocket using structure-based high-throughput virtual screening. The top 18 hits obtained inhibited the binding of antibody to AT1R and modulated agonist-induced calcium response of AT1R. Two compounds out of 18 studied in detail exerted a negative allosteric modulator effect on the functions of the natural agonist AngII. They blocked antibody-enhanced calcium response and reactive oxygen species production in vascular smooth muscle cells as well as AngII-induced constriction of blood vessels, demonstrating their efficacy in vivo. Our study thus demonstrates the feasibility of discovering inhibitors of the disease-causing autoantibodies for GPCRs. Specifically, for AT1R, we anticipate development of more potent allosteric drug candidates for intervention in autoimmune maladies such as preeclampsia, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, and the rejection of organ transplants.

Indexed as

AutoantibodiesDrug DesignAngiotensin IIAnimalsAntibody SpecificityCalciumCell LineEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayHumansImmunoglobulin GLigandsMiceMolecular Dynamics SimulationProtein BindingRabbitsReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 1AGTR1 protein, humanAngiotensin IIAutoantibodiesCalciumImmunoglobulin GLigandsReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 1Receptors, Opioidallosteric ligandangiotensinAT1RautoantibodyGPCRs

Identifiers

PMID34380734
PMCPMC8379978
OpenAlexW3187831548

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.