ArticleDiabetes care2021
The Beneficial Effects of Earlier Versus Later Implementation of Intensive Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes.
Article in Diabetes care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- UK best practice recommendations for children and young people <18 years with pre-stage 3 type 1 diabetes, on behalf of the British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (BSPED).Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Guideline
- International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: Diabetes Technologies - Insulin Delivery.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2024Guideline
- Continuous glucose monitoring-based time-in-range using insulin glargine 300 units/ml versus insulin degludec 100 units/ml in type 1 diabetes: The head-to-head randomized controlled InRange trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Trial
- Comparison of Diluted Insulin (U10) Versus Standard (U100) Insulin in Automated Insulin Delivery Systems: Reducing Time Below Range in Young Children.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Effectiveness and safety of the MiniMed™ 780G in newly diagnosed adolescents with type 1 diabetes: an observational real-world study.Endocrine · 2026Observational
- Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Glycemic Control During the First 24 Months After Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Current Situation on Diabetes Management: New Weapons Fighting the Disease in 2025.Current drug targets · 2026Review
- 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Estimating national prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children in Ireland using a novel simple approach: an observational study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Safety and Glycemic Outcomes Among Youth With New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Using a Tubeless Automated Insulin Delivery System.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Observational
- Review
- The Changing Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes: A Global Perspective.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- An overview of insulin therapy for the non-specialist.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- The NIDDK Takes on the Complications of Type 1 Diabetes: The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Study.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Effects of Combination Treatment with Leptin and Liraglutide on Glucose Metabolism in Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- European Survey on Adults with Type 1 Diabetes and their Caregivers: Insights into Personal Experience and Needs for Improving Diabetes Care.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- [Early Detection Of Type 1 Diabetes By Islet Autoantibody Screening: A Position Paper Of The Fr1daplex Project Leaders And Training Centres, Bvkj Bavaria And Paednetz (Registered) Bavaria].Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)) · 2025Article
- 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025 · on this mapReview
- Effectiveness of open-source Android artificial pancreas systems for glucose management in patients with type 1 diabetes: a real-world study.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- 12-Month Time in Tight Range Improvement with Advanced Hybrid-Closed Loop System in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe principal aim is to estimate the benefits of earlier versus later implementation of intensive therapy in type 1 diabetes with respect to the long-term risks of progression of a renal (microvascular) and cardiovascular (macrovascular) complication in the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsCox proportional hazards regression models estimated the 20-year cumulative incidence (absolute risk) and the 20-year relative risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over the first 20 years of EDIC follow-up as a function of the mean HbA
resultsA hypothetical patient treated earlier with 10 years of intensive therapy and a mean HbA
conclusionsWhile implementation of intensive therapy at any time in type 1 diabetes will be beneficial, within the 20-year period modeled, earlier relative to later implementation is associated with a greater reduction in the risks of kidney and cardiovascular complications.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.