ArticleBMJ open gastroenterology2021
Association between proton pump inhibitors after percutaneous coronary intervention and risk of gastric cancer.
Article in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use With Gastric Cancer in Regions With High Prevalence of Gastric Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Pooled it
- Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review, evidence synthesis and life course epidemiology perspective.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Gastric Cancer Risk in Patients with Long-Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational and Interventional Studies.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Perspectives on gastric cancer: the central role of gastrin in carcinogenesis byFrontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Proton pump inhibitors and risk of gastrointestinal cancer: A meta‑analysis of cohort studies.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Clinical Outcomes of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Versus Switch of Direct Oral Antcoagulant in Atrial Fibrillation: A Territory-Wide Retrospective Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies showing an association between chronic use of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and gastric cancer are limited by confounding by indication. This relationship has not been studied in patients receiving PPI for prophylaxis, such as those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
methodThis was a retrospective cohort study including 14 hospitals under the Hospital Authority of Hong Kong between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2017. Participants were patients who underwent first-ever PCI, were not on PPI prescription within 30 days before admission for PCI, had no known malignancy and survived for 365 days after PCI. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics and other prescription patterns. The primary outcome was diagnosis of gastric cancer made >365 days after PCI as a time-to-first-event analysis. The secondary outcome was death from gastric cancer.
resultsAmong the 13 476 patients (6738 pairs) matched by propensity score, gastric cancer developed in 17 (0.25%) PPI users and 7 (0.10%) PPI non-users after a median follow-up of 7.1 years. PPI users had a higher risk of gastric cancer (HR 3.55; 95% CI 1.46 to 8.66, p=0.005) and death from gastric cancer (HR 4.18; 95% CI 1.09 to 16.08, p=0.037), compared with non-users. The association was duration-dependent and patients who took PPI for ≥365 days were at increased risk.
conclusionsChronic use of PPI was significantly associated with increased risk of gastric cancer and death from gastric cancer in patients for whom it was prescribed as prophylaxis. Physicians should judiciously assess the relevant risks and benefits of chronic PPI use before prescription.
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