Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34379762›Full record

ArticleEuropace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology2022

Greyzone myocardial fibrosis and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction >35.

Abbasin Zegard, Osita Okafor, Joseph de Bono, Manish Kalla, Mauro Lencioni, Howard Marshall, Lucy Hudsmith, Tian Qiu, Richard Steeds, Berthold Stegemann and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The predictive value ofThe international journal of cardiovascular imaging · 2026
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  4. Cardiac implantable electronic device upgrades and downgrades: a Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Association (APHRS), Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS), Heart Rhythm Society (HRS), and the Latin American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS).Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025
    Article
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  8. Review
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  10. Risk stratification of sudden cardiac death: a review.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023
    Review
  11. Article
  12. CRT-D replacement strategy: results of the BioCONTINUE study.Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing · 2023
    Observational
  13. Article
  14. Association of electrocardiographic spatial heterogeneity of repolarization and spatial heterogeneity of atrial depolarization with left ventricular fibrosis.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023
    Article
  15. Scar border zone mass and presence of border zone channels assessed with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging are associated with ventricular arrhythmia in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023
    Article
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  17. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Abbasin ZegardAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
Osita OkaforAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
Joseph de BonoDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7160-2074
Manish KallaDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth, Birmingham, UK.
Mauro LencioniDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth, Birmingham, UK.
Howard MarshallDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5558-5358
Lucy HudsmithDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3039-4878
Tian QiuAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
Richard SteedsDepartment of Cardiology, University Hospitals Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5687-2535
Berthold StegemannAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
Francisco LeyvaAston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2176-0223
Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham · GBAston University · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo determine whether myocardial fibrosis and greyzone fibrosis (GZF) on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is associated with ventricular arrhythmias in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >35%. METHODS AND

resultsIn this retrospective study of CAD patients, GZF mass using the 3SD method (GZF3SD) and total fibrosis mass using the 2SD method (TF2SD) on CMR were assessed in relation to the primary, combined endpoint of sudden cardiac death, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. Among 701 patients [age: 65.8 ± 12.3 years (mean ± SD)], 28 (3.99%) patients met the primary endpoint over 5.91 years (median; interquartile range 4.42-7.64). In competing risks analysis, a GZF3SD mass ≥5.0 g was strongly associated with the primary endpoint [subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR): 17.4 (95% confidence interval, CI 6.64-45.5); area under receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC): 0.85, P < 0.001]. A weaker association was observed for TF2SD mass ≥23 g [sHR 10.4 (95% CI 4.22-25.8); AUC: 0.80, P < 0.001]. The range of sHRs for GZF3SD mass (1-527) was wider than for TF2SD mass (1-37.6).

conclusionsIn CAD patients with an LVEF >35%, GZF3SD mass was strongly associated with the arrhythmic endpoint. These findings hold promise for its use in identifying patients with CAD and an LVEF >35% at risk of arrhythmic events.

Indexed as

Magnetic Resonance Imaging, CineVentricular Function, LeftAgedArrhythmias, CardiacDeath, Sudden, CardiacFibrosisHumansMiddle AgedMyocardiumRetrospective StudiesStroke VolumeCardiovascular magnetic resonanceCoronary artery diseaseGreyzone scarMyocardial fibrosisSudden cardiac deathVentricular fibrillationVentricular tachycardia

Identifiers

PMID34379762
PMCPMC8742629
OpenAlexW3191264614

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.