ArticlePloS one2021
The association between postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum depression: A Swedish national register-based study.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between postpartum depression and postpartum hemorrhage: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Article
- Diagnosis of postpartum depression and associated factors in South Africa: a cohort study of 47,697 women.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2025Article
- Early detection of perinatal depression in couples: a single-center prospective study.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2024Article
- Incidence of postpartum depression among women with postpartum haemorrhage in Kano, northern Nigeria.npj women's health · 2024Article
- Clinician-reported childbirth outcomes, patient-reported childbirth trauma, and risk for postpartum depression.Archives of women's mental health · 2022Article
- A retrospective analysis of complications associated with postpartum hemorrhage up to 1 year postpartum in mothers with and without a pre-existing mental health diagnosis.Women's health (London, England)Observational
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPostpartum hemorrhage is an important cause of maternal death and morbidity. However, it is unclear whether women who experience postpartum hemorrhage are at an increased risk of postpartum depression.
objectivesTo examine whether postpartum hemorrhage is associated with postpartum depression.
methodsWe conducted a national register-based cohort study of 486,476 Swedish-born women who had a singleton livebirth between 2007 and 2014. We excluded women with pre-existing depression or who filled a prescription for an antidepressant before childbirth. We classified postpartum depression up to 12 months after giving birth by the presence of an International Classification of Diseases, version 10 (ICD-10) diagnosis code for depression or a filled outpatient prescription for an antidepressant. We used Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for maternal sociodemographic and obstetric factors.
resultsPostpartum depression was identified in 2.0% (630/31,663) of women with postpartum hemorrhage and 1.9% (8601/455,059) of women without postpartum hemorrhage. In our unadjusted analysis, postpartum hemorrhage was not associated with postpartum depression (unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.15). After adjusting for maternal age, parity, education, cohabitation status, maternal smoking status, and early pregnancy maternal BMI, gestational age, and birthweight, the association did not appreciably change, with confidence intervals overlapping the null (adjusted HR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.99, 1.17).
conclusionsWithin a population-based cohort of singleton women in Sweden with no prior history of depression, postpartum hemorrhage was not associated with postpartum depression.
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