ReviewThe British journal of radiology2021
The radiation doses and radiation protection on the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures.
Review in The British journal of radiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Duct-focused digital subtraction pancreatography for pancreatic duct visualization: a retrospective pilot study.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- CLINICAL PREDICTORS OF CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS IN MILD ACUTE BILIARY PANCREATITIS: DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPLORATORY RISK STRATIFICATION MODEL.Arquivos de gastroenterologia · 2026Observational
- Impact of an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography radiation safety initiative on pregnant and nonpregnant staff dose exposures: a quality improvement initiative.iGIE : innovation, investigation and insights · 2025Article
- Article
- Visualization of spatial dose distribution for effective radiation protection education in interventional radiology: obtaining high-accuracy spatial doses.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2024Article
- Ocular and the whole body radiation exposure during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Turkish journal of surgery · 2024Article
- Effect of radioprotective curtain length on the scattered dose rate distribution and endoscopist eye lens dose with an over-couch fluoroscopy system.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2024Article
- Low-dose pulsed vs standard pulsed fluoroscopy during ERCP to reduce radiation without change in image quality: Prospective randomized study.Endoscopy international open · 2024Article
- Patient Radiation Exposure during Enteroscopy-Assisted Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Surgically Altered Anatomy (with Video).Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Occupational radiation exposure to the lens of the eyes and its protection during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Scientific reports · 2023Observational
- Article
- Diagnostic Reference Levels for Fluoroscopy-guided Gastrointestinal Procedures in Japan from the REX-GI Study: A Nationwide Multicentre Prospective Observational Study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- Contemporary issues in radiation protection in medical imaging: introductory editorial.The British journal of radiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although many interventions involving radiation exposure have been replaced to endoscopic procedure in the gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary fields, there remains no alternative for enteroscopy and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), which requires the use of radiation. In this review, we discuss the radiation doses and protective measures of endoscopic procedures, especially for ERCP. For the patient radiation dose, the average dose area product for diagnostic ERCP was 14-26 Gy.cm², while it increased to as high as 67-89 Gy.cm² for therapeutic ERCP. The corresponding entrance skin doses for diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP were 90 and 250 mGy, respectively. The mean effective doses were 3- 6 mSv for diagnostic ERCP and 12-20 mSv for therapeutic ERCP. For the occupational radiation dose, the typical doses were 94 μGy and 75 μGy for the eye and neck, respectively. However, with an over-couch-type X-ray unit, the eye and neck doses reached as high as 550 and 450 μGy, with maximal doses of up to 2.8 and 2.4 mGy/procedure, respectively.A protective lead shield was effective for an over couch X-ray tube unit. It lowered scattered radiation by up to 89.1% in a phantom study. In actual measurements, the radiation exposure of the endoscopist closest to the unit was reduced to approximately 12%. In conclusion, there is a clear need for raising awareness among medical personnel involved endoscopic procedures to minimise radiation risks to both the patients and staff.
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