ArticleEating and weight disorders : EWD2022
Validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale and relationship to health anxiety in a U.S. sample.
Article in Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychometric Validation of the Turkish ORTO-11 and Psychological Correlates of Orthorexic Tendencies in Transgender Adults Before Gender-Affirming Treatment.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Multidimensional body image and self-esteem: a latent profile analysis differentiating orthorexia nervosa and exercise addiction from disordered eating.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Healthy Orthorexia and Orthorexia Nervosa Among Nurses in Qatar.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Exploring early maladaptive schemas in healthy eating and orthorexia nervosa tendencies: a structural equation modeling approach.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Affect, Disordered Eating Attitudes and Behaviors, and Orthorexia Nervosa Among Women: Mediation Through Intuitive Eating.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Patterns of implicit and explicit identity as a vegan or vegetarian in predicting healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2025Article
- The relationship between healthy eating obsessions, clinical eating disorder, and health anxiety: the dark side of the pursuit of healthy eating.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Development and validation of the Lebanese Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory (LONI).Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- Measuring Pathological and Nonpathological Orthorexic Behavior: Validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) among Polish Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Psychometric properties of Turkish Orthorexia Nervosa Inventory in a clinical adolescent sample.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2023Article
- Healthy orthorexia vs. orthorexia nervosa: Italian validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS).Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2023Article
- Orthorexic eating behaviors are not all pathological: a French validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS).Journal of eating disorders · 2023Article
- Exploring the association of body mass index, mindful and emotional eating, and orthorexia.Health psychology report · 2023Article
- "In-between orthorexia" profile: the co-occurrence of pathological and healthy orthorexia among male and female non-clinical adolescents.Journal of eating disorders · 2022Article
- Validation of the Arabic version of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) among Lebanese adolescents.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundScholarly investigation into orthorexia nervosa is relatively new, leading several scholars to develop new measures to adequately assess the concerns thought to underlie this condition. A promising new measure of orthorexia, the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS), was developed using a Spanish sample. PURPOSE: This study was the first to investigate the psychometric properties of the English version of the TOS in a U.S. SAMPLE: This study also examined the long-hypothesized relationship between orthorexia and health anxiety.
methodsWe used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to evaluate the factor structure of the TOS. We also used correlational methods to test theorized relationships with related concerns.
resultsESEM supported a 16-item, 2-factor model. Correlations between the modified TOS (i.e., TOS-16) subscales and measures of obsessive-compulsive and eating disorder symptoms, perfectionism, emotional distress, and body image disturbance demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity of the TOS-16. There was a moderate positive correlation between orthorexia nervosa and health anxiety and, together, pursuit of healthy eating and preoccupation with healthy eating accounted for a significant amount of variance in health anxiety after controlling for eating disorder symptoms.
conclusionOverall, this research suggests that the TOS-16 demonstrates psychometric properties as good as or better than other measures commonly used to assess the construct in a U.S. SAMPLE: In addition, findings support the consideration of health anxiety as a possible feature of orthorexia nervosa. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, descriptive research.
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