ArticleSubstance use & misuse2021
Consider the Source: Associations between Syringe Sources and Risky Injection Behaviors in California's Central Valley.
Article in Substance use & misuse, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSterile syringe access is critical to prevent serious viral and bacterial infections among people who inject drugs (PWID) but many areas across the United States lack sufficient access. Although California law allows nonprescription pharmacy syringe sales and syringe services programs (SSPs), access gaps remain in the largely rural Central Valley.
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine syringe access and related injection behaviors among PWID in Fresno, California.
methodsWe used respondent driven sampling to recruit 494 individuals for a survey about syringe access and injection behaviors between April and September 2016. Participants were ≥18 years old and injected at least twice in the past 30 days. Descriptive statistics examined syringe access and logistic regression determined if discrete syringe source categories were significantly associated with syringe sharing and/or reuse.
resultsA majority (67%) obtained syringes from an authorized source; SSPs were most common (59%), while few reported pharmacy purchase (14%). Unauthorized sources were even more common (79%), primarily friends (64%) or someone on the street (37%). Compared to PWID who used only authorized sources, those using only unauthorized sources had a higher odds of syringe sharing (AOR = 3.40, 95% CI: 1.66, 6.95) and syringe reuse (AOR = 6.22; 95% CI: 2.24, 17.29), as did those who reported mixed sources (AOR = 3.78; 95% CI: 1.90, 7.54 and AOR = 4.64; 95% CI: 2.08, 10.35).
conclusionsOur findings demonstrate a need to expand syringe access in nonurban California to prevent the syringe sharing and reuse that contributes to serious viral and bacterial infections among PWID.
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