Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34378107›Full record

ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2021

Anatomical locations of the motor endplates of sartorius muscle for botulinum toxin injections in treatment of muscle spasticity.

Kyu-Ho Yi, Ji-Hyun Lee, Dongkeun Kenneth Lee, Hye-Won Hu, Kyle K Seo, Hee-Jin Kim

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Botulinum toxin in fracture management: a scoping review.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The efficacy and safety of neubotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of forehead horizontal lines in Asians - A clinical, prospective, interventional, split-face study.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2024
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Sonoanatomy of the platysmal bands: What causes the platysmal band?Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2023
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kyu-Ho Yi *Wonju City Public Health Center, COVID-19 Division, Wonju-Si, Republic of Korea.
Ji-Hyun Lee *Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Dongkeun Kenneth LeeEGDONGAN Skin and Cosmetic Surgery Network, Sinnonhyeon, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hye-Won HuDivision in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Kyle K SeoModelo Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hee-Jin KimDivision in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. hjk776@yuhs.ac.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1139-6261

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aimed to detect the idyllic locations for botulinum neurotoxin injection by analyzing the intramuscular neural distributions of the sartorius muscles.

methodsAn altered Sihler's staining was conducted on sartorius muscles (15 specimens). The nerve entry points and intramuscular arborization areas were measured as a percentage of the total distance from the most prominent point of the anterior superior iliac spine (0%) to the medial femoral epicondyle (100%).

resultsIntramuscular neural distribution were densely detected at 20-40% and 60-80% for the sartorius muscles. The result suggests that the treatment of sartorius muscle spasticity requires botulinum neurotoxin injections in particular locations.

conclusionsThese locations, corresponding to the locations of maximum arborization, are suggested as the most suggestive points for botulinum neurotoxin injection.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overBotulinum ToxinsCadaverFemaleHumansInjections, IntramuscularMaleMiddle AgedMotor EndplateMuscle, SkeletalMuscle SpasticityThighBotulinum ToxinsBotulinum neurotoxinSartorius muscleSihler’s stainingSpasticity

Identifiers

PMID34378107
PMCPMC8354843

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.