Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34377374›Full record

ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2021

Inflammasome-induced extracellular vesicles harbour distinct RNA signatures and alter bystander macrophage responses.

Christina F Budden, Linden J Gearing, Romina Kaiser, Lena Standke, Paul J Hertzog, Eicke Latz

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  4. Article
  5. Innate Immunity and Microbial Recognition in Reproduction: From Barrier Defense to Maternal-Fetal Tolerance.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
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  12. Article
  13. Coronin1A Regulates the Trafficking of Alpha Synuclein in Microglia.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Extracellular Vesicles inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Christina F BuddenInstitute of Innate Immunity University Hospital University of Bonn Bonn Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0862-0119
Linden J GearingCentre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases Hudson Institute of Medical Research Clayton Victoria Australia.
Romina KaiserInstitute of Innate Immunity University Hospital University of Bonn Bonn Germany.
Lena StandkeInstitute of Innate Immunity University Hospital University of Bonn Bonn Germany.
Paul J HertzogDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne Victoria Australia.
Eicke LatzInstitute of Innate Immunity University Hospital University of Bonn Bonn Germany.
University of Bonn · DEHudson Institute of Medical Research · AUThe University of Melbourne · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infectious organisms and damage of cells can activate inflammasomes, which mediate tissue inflammation and adaptive immunity. These mechanisms evolved to curb the spread of microbes and to induce repair of the damaged tissue. Chronic activation of inflammasomes, however, contributes to non-resolving inflammatory responses that lead to immuno-pathologies. Inflammasome-activated cells undergo an inflammatory cell death associated with the release of potent pro-inflammatory cytokines and poorly characterized extracellular vesicles (EVs). Since inflammasome-induced EVs could signal inflammasome pathway activation in patients with chronic inflammation and modulate bystander cell activation, we performed a systems analysis of the ribonucleic acid (RNA) content and function of two EV classes. We show that EVs released from inflammasome-activated macrophages carry a specific RNA signature and contain interferon β (IFNβ). EV-associated IFNβ induces an interferon signature in bystander cells and results in dampening of NLRP3 inflammasome responses. EVs could, therefore, serve as biomarkers for inflammasome activation and act to prevent systemic hyper-inflammatory states by restricting NLRP3 activation in bystander cells.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityAnimalsBiomarkersCell LineCells, CulturedExtracellular VesiclesHumansInflammasomesInflammationInterferon-betaMacrophagesMiceNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinPyroptosisRNABiomarkersInflammasomesInterferon-betaNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinRNAcell communicationextracellular vesicleinflammasomeinflammationinterferon βnucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain (NOD)‐containing protein with a pyrin domain (NLRP3)pyroptosis

Identifiers

PMID34377374
PMCPMC8329986
OpenAlexW3191228780

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.