ReviewDrug design, development and therapy2021
Evidence and Current Use of Levosimendan in the Treatment of Heart Failure: Filling the Gap.
Review in Drug design, development and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical efficacy and hemodynamic effects of levosimendan in cardiac surgery patients after surgery.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Trial
- The therapeutic effect of levosimendan in patients with prolonged ventilator weaning and cardiac dysfunction.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Trial
- Takotsubo syndrome treated with VA-ECMO in plastic surgery: echocardiography first-case series.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Successful use of levosimendan in managing refractory coronary vasospasm leading to recurrent cardiac arrests: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2026Article
- Levosimendan in Cardiogenic Shock: A Review of Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Therapeutic Use.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Efficacy and safety of levosimendan in acute heart failure patients with different body mass index: a multicenter, retrospective, observational real-world study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Prognosis and Risk Stratification of Patients with Advanced Heart Failure Followed-Up on an Outpatient Clinic.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Vasospastic angina: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and emerging therapeutic approaches.World journal of cardiology · 2025Review
- The comparative study of the efficacy of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide combined with vasoactive medications for elderly patients with heart failure and hypotension receiving injections.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Effect of levosimendan treatment in cardiac surgery: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Conceptualizing myocardial contractility as an emergent property that characterizes myocardial contraction.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Managing Arrhythmias in Cardiogenic Shock: Insights Into Milrinone and Dobutamine Therapy.Cureus · 2024Review
- Enhancing Urological Cancer Treatment: Leveraging Vasodilator Synergistic Potential with 5-FU for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The recent advance and prospect of natural source compounds for the treatment of heart failure.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Levosimendan, a Promising Pharmacotherapy in Cardiogenic Shock: A Comprehensive Review.European cardiology · 2024Review
- Levosimendan for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction: friend or foe?Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Sepsis Management in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Review
- Therapeutic Development of Levosimendan in Acute and Advanced Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Review
- Levosimendan Administration May Provide More Benefit for Survival in Patients with Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy Experiencing Acute Decompensated Heart Failure.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Levosimendan is a distinctive inodilator combing calcium sensitization, phosphodiesterase inhibition and vasodilating properties through the opening of adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium channels. It was first approved in Sweden in 2000 for the short-term treatment of acutely decompensated severe chronic heart failure when conventional therapy is not sufficient, and in cases where inotropic support is considered appropriate. After more than 20 years, clinical applications have considerably expanded across critical care and emergency medicine, and levosimendan is now under investigation in different cardiac settings (eg, septic shock, pulmonary hypertension) and for non-cardiac applications (eg, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). This narrative review outlines key milestones in levosimendan history, by addressing regulatory issues, pharmacological peculiarities and clinical aspects (efficacy and safety) of a drug that did not receive great attention in the heart failure guidelines. A brief outlook to the ongoing clinical trials is also offered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.