ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2021
Smoke-Free Laws and Disparities in Youth Smoking in the U.S., 2001-2018.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond Tobacco Prevention: The Effects of Tobacco 21 Laws on Young Adults' Body Weight.Health economics · 2026Article
- Associations Between County-Level Vape-Free Air Law Coverage and E-Cigarette Use Behaviors Among U.S. Adolescents in Monitoring the Future.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2026Article
- SimSmoke simulation models distinguished by race/ethnicity: past and future trends and the potential role of policy.Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs · 2025Article
- Joint impact of cigarette taxes and smoke-free laws on youth cigarette smoking and related disparities in the USA.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Using the Past to Understand the Future of U.S. and Global Smoking Disparities: A Birth Cohort Perspective.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Patterns of Birth Cohort‒Specific Smoking Histories by Race and Ethnicity in the U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Tobacco 21 laws may reduce smoking and tobacco-related health disparities among youth in the U.S.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThis study examines whether smoke-free laws are differentially associated with youth smoking outcomes by parental education, race/ethnicity, sex, and college plans in a U.S. SAMPLE:
methodsThis study assessed the relationships between smoke-free laws in workplaces and hospitality venues (restaurants/bars) and past 30-day smoking participation, first cigarette initiation, and daily smoking initiation within a repeated cross-sectional sample of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders from the Monitoring the Future study. Data were collected between 2001 and 2018 and were analyzed in 2020-2021. Grade-stratified Poisson models were used to calculate prevalence ratios and average marginal effects, incorporating interaction terms to examine differential associations across groups.
resultsHospitality smoke-free laws were significantly associated with lower probabilities of smoking participation in all grades as well as with first cigarette and daily smoking initiation in 8th and 10th grade. Workplace smoke-free laws were associated with lower probabilities of smoking participation among 10th and 12th graders as well as with first cigarette and daily smoking initiation among 10th graders. Average marginal effects ranged from -0.4 percentage points (hospitality laws and daily smoking initiation in 8th and 10th grades) to -2.2 percentage points (workplace laws and smoking participation in 10th grade). Associations between smoke-free laws and a lower probability of smoking participation were most pronounced among students who definitely planned to attend college. Other instances of effect modification suggested more pronounced associations for students who were female and from high-SES households; however, relationships varied by grade.
conclusionsSmoke-free laws were associated with reduced smoking among youth; however, associations varied by grade, sex, parental education, and college plans.
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