ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021
Dynamics of hepatitis C epidemic among people living with HIV in Estonia based on Estonian HIV cohort study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis C and HIV co-infection, viral load, and liver enzyme profiles among intravenous and non-intravenous drug users in Jorhat, Assam: a comparative analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence of chronic hepatitis C infection in the general population: results from a national survey, Estonia, July to December 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEstonia has a typical Eastern European HIV epidemic where the most frequent co-infection is chronic hepatitis C (HCV). We aimed to describe the changes in HCV prevalence, the distribution of HCV genotypes (GT), and HCV treatment in Estonian people living with HIV over 15 years.
methodsWe used data of subjects included to the Estonian HIV Cohort Study (E-HIV) before 31st of December 2015. We compared two time periods-first, 1st of January 2000 to 31st of December 2008 when the HIV epidemic was mostly spreading among people who inject drugs (PWID) and second, 1st of January 2009 to 31st of December 2015 when HIV started to emerge to the general population.
resultsOf 4422 HIV positives 3708 (84%) had information about their HCV serostatus; 2706 (61%) were HCV seropositive, of latter 1625 (60%) were HCV RNA positive, 239 (9%) had their HCV GT determined, and 141 (5%) received treatment for HCV. The dominating subtypes were 1b (42%) and 3a (37%) followed by 1a (16%), and the few cases of 2 (1.5%). HCV prevalence was 1.5 times (95% CI 1.4-1.6) higher in subjects diagnosed with HIV in first as compared to those diagnosed in second period (84% vs 56%, respectively). There were more men and the median age at HIV diagnosis was lower in HIV/HCV co-infected than in HIV mono-infected patients (70% vs 47% and 24 years vs. 30 years, respectively; both p < 0.001).
conclusionThere is a decrease in HCV prevalence but it remains high among HIV positive PWID, suggesting that there is need for improvement of harm reduction programs among PWID.
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