ArticleBMC ophthalmology2021
Analyses of the effects of persistent subretinal fluid on visual/anatomic outcomes according to the type of macular neovascularization during the relaxed treat-and-extend protocol in age-related macular degeneration patients.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treating or tolerating persistent subretinal fluid in neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review of visual and anatomical outcomes with anti-VEGF therapy.International ophthalmology · 2025Pooled it
- Association Between Visual Acuity and Residual Retinal Fluid Following Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA ophthalmology · 2022Pooled it
- Fluid Volumes Longitudinal Modeling to Predict Atrophy and Fibrosis in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of Brolucizumab compared to Aflibercept and Ranibizumab in nAMD with persistent retinal fluid.European journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Rethinking Clinical Trials in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: How AI-Based OCT Analysis Can Support Successful Outcomes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Quantitative Changes in Vascular and Neural Fibers Induced by Subretinal Fluid Excluding the Peripapillary Region in Patients with Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effect of baseline fluid localization on visual acuity and prognosis in type 1 macular neovascularization treated with anti-VEGF.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Dynamics and patterns of recurrence in neovascular AMD during real-world management using automated fluid monitoring.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Prognostic Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Efficacy of Aflibercept as initial treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in an Iraqi patient sample.Journal of medicine and life · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo analyze the long-term effects of persistent subretinal fluid (SRF) on visual/anatomic outcomes according to the type of macular neovascularization (MNV) during relaxed treat-and-extend regimen with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients.
methodsPatients with fovea-involving type 1 or type 2 MNV, treated with a relaxed treat-and-extend regimen for 2 years were retrospectively reviewed. Eyes with SRF observed more than three times per year were defined as the 'persistent SRF (+) group'. To exclude the effects of IRF as much as possible, the eyes with persistent IRF were excluded. The effects of persistent SRF on the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield retinal thickness (CST), and changes in the photoreceptor layer (PRL) thickness and outer retinal bands (external limiting membrane, ellipsoid zone, and cone outer segment tip line) after anti-VEGF injection were analyzed for each MNV type.
resultsSeventy-seven eyes with type 1 MNV (44 eyes with persistent SRF) and 53 eyes with type 2 MNV (18 eyes with persistent SRF) were enrolled. Following a relaxed treat-and-extend regimen with anti-VEGF agents, BCVA and CST improved for each MNV type. In comparison between persistent SRF (+) and persistent SRF (-) group, there were no differences in the amount of change in BCVA and CST between the two groups for each MNV type during 2-year follow-up periods. In addition, there were no differences in the amount of reduction in PRL thickness and state of the outer retinal bands between the two groups for each MNV type.
conclusionsUsing a relaxed treat-and-extend regimen with anti-VEGF agents, persistent SRF did not have additional effects on visual and anatomic outcomes by 2 years, regardless of the MNV type.
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