ArticleEndocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea)2021
Association between Iodine Intake, Thyroid Function, and Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Case-Control Study.
Article in Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06626581 (A Cross-sectional Study on Iodine Status and Characteristics of Papillary Thyroid Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Cross-sectional Study on Iodine Status and Characteristics of Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- The relationship between urinary iodine concentration and papillary thyroid cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Dietary and Urinary Iodine in Relation to Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterPooled it
- Nomogram Model Based on Iodine Nutrition and Clinical Characteristics of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma to Predict Lateral Lymph Node Metastasis.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterTrial
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: An Integrative Study of Bioinformatics, Epidemiological Associations, and In Vitro Responses.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Incidental thyroid carcinoma in surgically treated multinodular goiter: a retrospective study.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Effects of iodinated copper-based foliar fertilizers on iodine content, yield and quality of lettuce (Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Spatial-temporal epidemiological characteristics of thyroid cancer mortality in China cancer registration areas: analysis based on multiple models.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- The association between per-fluoroalkyl and poly-fluoroalkyl substances exposure and thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2025Article
- Bridging the deficit: Assessing knowledge gaps in thyroid cancer management amongst physicians in the Democratic Republic of Congo.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Article
- Iodine Excess Is Associated with Thyroid Dysfunction Among the Elderly.Biological trace element research · 2025Observational
- Global, regional, and national trends in thyroid cancer burden (1990-2021): Insights from the GBD 2021 study.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- Continued rise in the incidence of thyroid cancer in Iran: true increase or overdiagnosis?Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2025Article
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma: an interesting case report.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- Association between Thyroid Profile Levels and Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study.Reports (MDPI) · 2024Article
- Association between urinary iodine concentration and the risk of papillary thyroid cancer by sex and age: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Association between iodine nutrition and cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Seaweed and Iodine Intakes and SLC5A5 rs77277498 in Relation to Thyroid Cancer.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2022Article
- Iodine nutrition and papillary thyroid cancer.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Screening and validation of lymph node metastasis risk-factor genes in papillary thyroid carcinoma.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to assess the effects of iodine intake, thyroid function, and their combined effect on the risk of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).
methodsA case-control study was conducted including 500 community-based controls who had undergone a health check-up, and 446 overall PTC cases (209 PTC and 237 PTMC) from the Thyroid Cancer Longitudinal Study. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), was used as an indicator of iodine intake, and serum for thyroid function. The risk of PTC and PTMC was estimated using unconditional logistic regression.
resultsExcessive iodine intake (UIC ≥220 μg/gCr) was associated with both PTC (odds ratio [OR], 18.13 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.87 to 37.04) and PTMC (OR, 8.02; 95% CI, 4.64 to 13.87), compared to adequate iodine intake (UIC, 85 to 219 μg/gCr). Free thyroxine (T4) levels ≥1.25 ng/dL were associated with PTC (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.36 to 2.87) and PTMC (OR, 2.98; 95% CI, 2.01 to 4.41), compared to free T4 levels of 0.7 to 1.24 ng/dL. Individuals with excessive iodine intake and high free T4 levels had a greatly increased OR of PTC (OR, 43.48; 95% CI, 12.63 to 149.62), and PTMC (OR, 26.96; 95% CI, 10.26 to 70.89), compared to individuals with adequate iodine intake and low free T4 levels.
conclusionExcessive iodine intake using creatinine-adjusted UIC and high free T4 levels may have a synergistic effect on PTC and PTMC. Considering both iodine intake and thyroid function is important to assess PTC and PTMC risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.