ArticleBundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz2021
[The different periods of COVID-19 in Germany: a descriptive analysis from January 2020 to February 2021].
Article in Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrative multimodal treatment approach for patients suffering from Post-COVID syndrome: a study based on qualitative interviews with individuals participating in an 11-week day clinic program.Frontiers in public health · 2025Trial
- Determining the optimal frequency of SARS-CoV-2 regular asymptomatic testing: A randomized feasibility trial in a home care setting.PloS one · 2024Trial
- Seven Months after Mild COVID-19: A Single-Centre Controlled Follow-Up Study in the District of Constance (FSC19-KN).International journal of clinical practice · 2022Trial
- Ensemble-labeling of infectious disease time series to evaluate early warning systems.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2026Article
- Characteristics of late HIV diagnosis in Germany in 2019 and 2020 - A regional analysis.Infection · 2026Article
- Caregiver-reported experience of integrated care for children with special health care needs and its sociodemographic, health- and network-related correlates in Germany: Cross-sectional results from the PART-CHILD cohort.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Burnout and posttraumatic stress among nurses in German care homes: a cross-sectional survey during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Changes in Care and Outcome for Children and Adolescents Living With HIV/AIDS During the COVID19 Pandemic in Germany-A Longitudinal Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- A psychotic dilemma: psychodynamic group therapy for patients with schizophrenia in times of crisis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Building Resilient Pediatric Care: Lessons from Service Disruptions for Children with Special Healthcare Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Large-scale SARS-CoV-2 sequencing indicates prior community circulation of the viral strain associated with Germany's largest meat processing plant.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Changing socioeconomic inequalities in the incidence and case fatality rates of COVID-19 in Germany, March 2020 through May 2022: an ecological study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- [Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-related digital inequalities].Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2025Article
- Secular Trends of Children's Physical Fitness and the Impact of the COVID-Pandemic for Years 2012 to 2023.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
- "Not Only a Matter of Personal Interest"-Vaccination Narratives and the Model of Moral Motives in China and Germany.Qualitative health research · 2025Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Everyday Life and Healthcare of Patients with Congenital Heart Defects: Insights from Pandemic Onset to One Year Later.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Predictors of quality of life and resilience in patients with ovarian cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Article
- [Evaluation of the Robert Koch Institute's missions for COVID-19 outbreak investigations by local and state health authorities in Germany].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025Article
- The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Development of Motor Skills of German 5- to 6-Year-Old Children.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Hijacking or helping?-How political actors use the COVID-19 pandemic in the climate discourse to advocate their policy beliefs and preferences.Policy sciences · 2025Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The first case of coronavirus SARS-CoV‑2 infection in Germany was diagnosed on 27 January 2020. To describe the pandemic course in 2020, we regarded four epidemiologically different periods and used data on COVID-19 cases from the mandatory reporting system as well as hospitalized COVID-19 cases with severe acute respiratory infection from the syndromic hospital surveillance.Period 0 covers weeks 5 to 9 of 2020, where mainly sporadic cases of younger age were observed and few regional outbreaks emerged. In total, 167 cases with mostly mild outcomes were reported. Subsequently, the first COVID-19 wave occurred in period 1 (weeks 10 to 20 of 2020) with a total of 175,013 cases throughout Germany. Increasingly, outbreaks in hospitals and nursing homes were registered. Moreover, elderly cases and severe outcomes were observed more frequently. Period 2 (weeks 21 to 39 of 2020) was an interim period with more mild cases, where many cases were younger and often travel-associated. Additionally, larger trans-regional outbreaks in business settings were reported. Among the 111,790 cases, severe outcomes were less frequent than in period 1. In period 3 (week 40 of 2020 to week 8 of 2021), the second COVID-19 wave started and peaked at the end of 2020. With 2,158,013 reported cases and considerably more severe outcomes in all age groups, the second wave was substantially stronger than the first wave.Irrespective of the different periods, more elderly persons and more men were affected by severe outcomes.
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