ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021
Prospects of Future Typhoid and Paratyphoid Vaccines in Endemic Countries.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- A randomized, observer-blind, controlled phase III clinical trial assessing safety and immunological non-inferiority of Vi-diphtheria toxoid versus Vi-tetanus toxoid typhoid conjugate vaccine in healthy volunteers in eastern Nepal.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Development and validation of immunological assays for preclinical evaluation of a novel bivalent typhoid conjugate vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Research progress on immunoprotective mechanisms of enteric fever and vaccine development.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- A contemporary genomic snapshot ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Comparative Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serovers Paratyphi A and Typhi Causing Enteric Fever, Bangladesh, 2018-2020.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- WHO preferred product characteristics for bivalent Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi A vaccine for comprehensive protection against enteric fever- key considerations and research gaps.Gates open research · 2025Review
- Typhoid & paratyphoid vaccine development in the laboratory: a review & in-country experience.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Review
- A retrospective investigation of the population structure and geospatial distribution of Salmonella Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Trends in antimicrobial resistance amongst Salmonella Paratyphi A isolates in Bangladesh: 1999-2021.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Review
- Article
- Spatial heterogeneity of socio-economic determinants of typhoid/paratyphoid fever in one province in central China from 2015 to 2019.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Typhoid Control in an Era of Antimicrobial Resistance: Challenges and Opportunities.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Understanding the Mechanism of Antimicrobial Resistance and Pathogenesis ofMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- The Burden of Typhoid Fever in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Perspective.Research and reports in tropical medicine · 2022Review
- Typhoid Conjugate Vaccines: Advancing the Research and Public Health Agendas.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Low- and middle-income countries face a high burden of typhoid and paratyphoid fever due to poor water quality and inadequate sanitation. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of typhoid conjugate vaccines (TCV) in endemic settings and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, supports TCV introduction. There are currently 2 WHO-prequalified TCVs with Typbar TCV introduced in Pakistan, Liberia, and Zimbabwe. Countries should assess disease burden and consider introduction of TCV for programmatic use. Several paratyphoid vaccine candidates are in early stages of development. An effective bivalent vaccine would be the most efficient way to control typhoid and paratyphoid fever.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.