ArticlemSystems2021
Rapid, Large-Scale Wastewater Surveillance and Automated Reporting System Enable Early Detection of Nearly 85% of COVID-19 Cases on a University Campus.
Article in mSystems, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed.
- Toward a quality-managed operational architecture for wastewater surveillance of zoonotic and emerging pathogens.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Review
- Wastewater surveillance as an early warning indicator for norovirus: Validating wastewater signals against clinical indicators in British Columbia, Canada, 2021-2025.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2026Article
- Citywide indoor air sampling mirrors wastewater and clinical case surveillance of respiratory viruses.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Variability analysis of a low-cost paper dipstick nucleic acid extraction method for wastewater surveillance using gage repeatability and reproducibility.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comparative Efficiency of High-Throughput Magnetic Bead Method and Polyethylene Glycol Precipitation for Viral Concentration in Sewage.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Long-Term Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV‑2 in Campus Wastewater Depicts Lineage Trends and Public Health Implications during and after Omicron Waves.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Clinical correlation of SARS-CoV-2 wastewater passive sampling in long-term care facilities and wastewater treatment plants.Environmental advances · 2025Article
- Statistical Relationship Between Wastewater Data and Case Notifications for COVID-19 Surveillance in the United States From 2020 to 2023: Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling Approach.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Distinguishing critical microbial community shifts from normal temporal variability in human and environmental ecosystems.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Wastewater Speaks: Evaluating SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance, Sampling Methods, and Seasonal Infection Trends on a University Campus.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Observed Mask Wearing and Presence of SARS-CoV-2 in School Wastewater, San Diego County, CA, 2022.American journal of public health · 2025Article
- Evaluation of wastewater percent positive for assessing epidemic trends - A case study of COVID-19 in Shangrao, China.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2025Article
- Public health actions in response to pathogen detection in wastewater and the environment: a scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Beyond clinical data: the role of sewage monitoring in tracking pandemic trends of SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Magnetic Carbon Bead-Based Concentration Method for SARS-CoV-2 Detection in Wastewater.Food and environmental virology · 2024Article
- Four Models of Wastewater-Based Monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 Complementing Individual Screening in Jail Settings.American journal of public health · 2024Article
- A Narrative Review of High Throughput Wastewater Sample Processing for Infectious Disease Surveillance: Challenges, Progress, and Future Opportunities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Review
- Evaluation of a field deployable, high-throughput RT-LAMP device as an early warning system for COVID-19 through SARS-CoV-2 measurements in wastewater.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Wastewater Surveillance Pilot at US Military Installations: Cost Model Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Wastewater Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Zambia: An Early Warning Tool.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Wastewater-based surveillance has gained prominence and come to the forefront as a leading indicator of forecasting COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) infection dynamics owing to its cost-effectiveness and its ability to inform early public health interventions. A university campus could especially benefit from wastewater surveillance, as universities are characterized by largely asymptomatic populations and are potential hot spots for transmission that necessitate frequent diagnostic testing. In this study, we employed a large-scale GIS (geographic information systems)-enabled building-level wastewater monitoring system associated with the on-campus residences of 7,614 individuals. Sixty-eight automated wastewater samplers were deployed to monitor 239 campus buildings with a focus on residential buildings. Time-weighted composite samples were collected on a daily basis and analyzed on the same day. Sample processing was streamlined significantly through automation, reducing the turnaround time by 20-fold and exceeding the scale of similar surveillance programs by 10- to 100-fold, thereby overcoming one of the biggest bottlenecks in wastewater surveillance. An automated wastewater notification system was developed to alert residents to a positive wastewater sample associated with their residence and to encourage uptake of campus-provided asymptomatic testing at no charge. This system, integrated with the rest of the "Return to Learn" program at the University of California (UC) San Diego-led to the early diagnosis of nearly 85% of all COVID-19 cases on campus. COVID-19 testing rates increased by 1.9 to 13× following wastewater notifications. Our study shows the potential for a robust, efficient wastewater surveillance system to greatly reduce infection risk as college campuses and other high-risk environments reopen.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.