Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34374183›Full record

ArticlePediatric diabetes2021

Population-level management of type 1 diabetes via continuous glucose monitoring and algorithm-enabled patient prioritization: Precision health meets population health.

Johannes O Ferstad, Jacqueline J Vallon, Daniel Jun, Angela Gu, Anastasiya Vitko, Dianelys P Morales, Jeannine Leverenz, Ming Yeh Lee, Brianna Leverenz, Christos Vasilakis and 5 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric diabetes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  3. Determinants, implementation strategies, and mechanisms of the 4T Program.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2026
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  14. Role and Perspective of Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialists in the Development of the 4T Program.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2024
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  17. Management of Neonatal Diabetes due to aCase reports in endocrinology · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Johannes O FerstadDepartment of Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5495-9151
Jacqueline J VallonDepartment of Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5756-8527
Daniel JunDepartment of Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA.
Angela GuDepartment of Computer Science, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA.
Anastasiya VitkoDepartment of Computer Science, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA.
Dianelys P MoralesDepartment of Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA.
Jeannine LeverenzDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Ming Yeh LeeDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Brianna LeverenzDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9923-9091
Christos VasilakisCentre for Healthcare Innovation and Improvement (CHI2), School of Management, University of Bath, Bath, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0391-0910
Esli OsmanlliuDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5590-8866
Priya PrahaladDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3894-4344
David M MaahsDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4602-7909
Ramesh JohariDepartment of Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA.
David ScheinkerDepartment of Management Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5885-8024
Stanford Medicine · USStanford University · USMontreal Children's Hospital · CAStanford Health Care · USUniversity of Bath · GB

Funding

Stanford Islet Research CoreP30DK116074 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Seung K Kim · 2017 to 2026
$19.5M
Teamwork, Targets, Technology, and Tight Control in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric T1D: 4T StudyR18DK122422 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MAAHS, DAVID MATTHEW · 2020 to 2024
$3.2M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK116074NIDDK NIH HHS R18 DK122422
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo develop and scale algorithm-enabled patient prioritization to improve population-level management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in a pediatric clinic with fixed resources, using telemedicine and remote monitoring of patients via continuous glucose monitor (CGM) data review. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsWe adapted consensus glucose targets for T1D patients using CGM to identify interpretable clinical criteria to prioritize patients for weekly provider review. The criteria were constructed to manage the number of patients reviewed weekly and identify patients who most needed provider contact. We developed an interactive dashboard to display CGM data relevant for the patients prioritized for review.

resultsThe introduction of the new criteria and interactive dashboard was associated with a 60% reduction in the mean time spent by diabetes team members who remotely and asynchronously reviewed patient data and contacted patients, from 3.2 ± 0.20 to 1.3 ± 0.24 min per patient per week. Given fixed resources for review, this corresponded to an estimated 147% increase in weekly clinic capacity. Patients who qualified for and received remote review (n = 58) have associated 8.8 percentage points (pp) (95% CI = 0.6-16.9 pp) greater time-in-range (70-180 mg/dl) glucoses compared to 25 control patients who did not qualify at 12 months after T1D onset.

conclusionsAn algorithm-enabled prioritization of T1D patients with CGM for asynchronous remote review reduced provider time spent per patient and was associated with improved time-in-range.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsPopulation HealthAdolescentBlood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringChildCohort StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1FemaleHospitals, PediatricHumansMalePrecision MedicineRetrospective StudiesTime FactorsBlood Glucosecontinuous glucose monitoringpopulation managementremote monitoring

Identifiers

PMID34374183
PMCPMC8635792
OpenAlexW3162523004

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.