ArticleBioMed research international2021
Effects of Ulinastatin on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the ERK Signaling Pathway.
Article in BioMed research international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Progress of Targeted Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Review
- ADAMTS18 deficiency associates extracellular matrix dysfunction with a higher risk of HER2-positive mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Astaxanthin Inhibits HMarine drugs · 2024Article
- Retracted: Effects of Ulinastatin on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the ERK Signaling Pathway.BioMed research international · 2024Article
- A novel mechanism of 6-methoxydihydroavicine in suppressing ovarian carcinoma by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis and triggering ROS/ MAPK mediated apoptosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2024-01-09Compromised Peer Review · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Paper Mill · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo explore the effects of ulinastatin on the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells and the relevant mechanism of action.
methodsBreast cancer cells (MCF-7) were cultured and randomly divided into three groups, namely, control group, ulinastatin group, and ulinastatin+extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK) inhibitor group. Then, the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was carried out to detect the effect of ulinastatin on the viability of breast cancer cells. The effects of ulinastatin on the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cells were determined via EdU staining and Hoechst 33258 staining assays, respectively. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression levels of ERK and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) in breast cancer cells were measured through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting.
resultsIn comparison with the control group, the ulinastatin group displayed decreased viability of breast cancer cells, a decreased positive rate of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, an increased positive rate of Hoechst 33258 staining, and reduced mRNA and protein levels of ERK and FOXO3 in breast cancer cells. Compared with those in the ulinastatin group, the viability of breast cancer cells was lowered, the positive rate of EdU staining was reduced, the positive rate of Hoechst 33258 staining was raised, and the mRNA and protein levels of ERK and FOXO3 in breast cancer cells clearly declined in the ulinastatin+ERK inhibitor group.
conclusionUlinastatin inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of breast cancer cells. The possible mechanism of action is associated with the suppression of the ERK signaling pathway.
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