Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34373714›Full record

ArticleExperimental and therapeutic medicine2021

Palmitic acid up regulates Gal-3 and induces insulin resistance in macrophages by mediating the balance between KLF4 and NF-κB.

Jing Li, Yu-Shan Mao, Fen Chen, Dong-Xia Xia, Tin-Qi Zhao

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Neuregulin 4 in Insulin Resistance: Mechanisms, Controversies, and Therapeutic Perspectives.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Multiple Roles of Palmitic Acid in Cardiovascular Diseases.Journal of inflammation research · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. 2-Butoxytetrahydrofuran and Palmitic Acid fromPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  10. Review of Novel Potential Insulin Resistance Biomarkers in PCOS Patients-The Debate Is Still Open.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jing LiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, P.R. China.
Yu-Shan MaoDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, P.R. China.
Fen ChenDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, P.R. China.
Dong-Xia XiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, P.R. China.
Tin-Qi ZhaoDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315020, P.R. China.
Ningbo University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Insulin resistance is the main sign of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is often accompanied by the infiltration of inflammatory factors. These inflammatory factors are mainly produced and secreted by macrophages. The purpose of the current study was to explore the relationship between macrophages and insulin resistance, and to determine its underlying mechanism. The insulin resistance of macrophages was induced by palmitic acid (PA)

Indexed as

Galectin-3insulin resistanceKrüppel-like factor 4macrophagespalmitic acidphosphorylated-NF-κBtoll-like receptor 4

Identifiers

PMID34373714
PMCPMC8343820
OpenAlexW3185936361

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.