ArticleBMJ open2021
Loss of height predicts total and cardiovascular mortality: a cohort study of northern European women.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of Early-Life Growth on Long-Term Cardiometabolic and Neurocognitive Outcomes in High-Income Countries: A Neglected Public Health Problem.Nutrition reviews · 2026Review
- Subclinical hypothyroidism and height loss in relation to the status of thyroid cysts: a prospective study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Does mandibular bone structure predict subsequent height loss? A longitudinal cohort study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Association between height loss and mortality in the general population.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine height changes in middle-aged northern European women in relation to overall and cardiovascular mortality.
designPopulation-based cohort studies with longitudinally measured heights and register-based mortality.
settingSweden and Denmark.
participantsPopulation-based samples of 2406 Swedish and Danish women born on selected years in 1908-1952, recruited to baseline examinations at ages 30-60, and re-examined 10-13 years later.
main outcome measureTotal and cardiovascular disease (CVD) specific mortality during 17-19 years of follow-up after last height measure.
resultsFor each 1 cm height loss during 10-13 years, the HR (95% CI) for total mortality was 1.14 (1.05 to 1.23) in Swedish women and 1.21 (1.09 to 1.35) in Danish women, independent of key covariates. Low height and high leisure time physical activity at baseline were protective of height loss, independent of age. Considering total mortality, the HR for major height loss, defined as height loss greater than 2 cm, were 1.74 (1.32 to 2.29) in Swedish women and 1.80 (1.27 to 2.54) in Danish women. Pooled analyses indicated that height loss was monotonically associated with an increased mortality, confirming a significant effect above 2 cm height loss. For cause-specific mortality, major height loss was associated with a HR of 2.31 (1.09 to 4.87) for stroke mortality, 2.14 (1.47 to 3.12) for total CVD mortality and 1.71 (1.28 to 2.29) for mortality due to causes other than CVD.
conclusionHeight loss is a marker for excess mortality in northern European women. Specifically the hazard of CVD mortality is increased in women with height loss during middle age, and the results suggest that the strongest cause-specific endpoint may be stroke mortality. The present findings suggest attention to height loss in early and mid-adulthood to identify women at high risk of CVD, and that regular physical activity may prevent early onset height loss.
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