ArticleBMC geriatrics2021
The effects of single and a combination of determinants of anaemia in the very old: results from the TULIPS consortium.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Erythrocyte Count, Anemia, and the Human Natural Lifespan Limit: Evidence from the Long Life Family Study.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Anemia and malnutrition in geriatric hospitalized patients: a cross-sectional retrospective study.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Inflammatory markers in geriatric anemia: A study from North India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesNutritional deficiencies, renal impairment and chronic inflammation are commonly mentioned determinants of anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these determinants, singly and in combination, on anaemia in the very old.
methodThe TULIPS Consortium consists of four population-based studies in oldest-old individuals: Leiden 85-plus Study, LiLACS NZ, Newcastle 85+ study, and TOOTH. Five selected determinants (iron, vitamin B12, and folate deficiency; low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); and high C-reactive protein (CRP)) were summed. This sum score was used to investigate the association with the presence and onset of anaemia (WHO definition). The individual study results were pooled using random-effects models.
resultsIn the 2216 participants (59% female, 30% anaemia) at baseline, iron deficiency, low eGFR and high CRP were individually associated with the presence of anaemia. Low eGFR and high CRP were individually associated with the onset of anaemia. In the cross-sectional analyses, an increase per additional determinant (adjusted OR 2.10 (95% CI 1.85-2.38)) and a combination of ≥2 determinants (OR 3.44 (95% CI 2.70-4.38)) were associated with the presence of anaemia. In the prospective analyses, an increase per additional determinant (adjusted HR 1.46 (95% CI 1.24-1.71)) and the presence of ≥2 determinants (HR 1.95 (95% CI 1.40-2.71)) were associated with the onset of anaemia.
conclusionVery old adults with a combination of determinants of anaemia have a higher risk of having, and of developing, anaemia. Further research is recommended to explore causality and clinical relevance.
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