ArticleViruses2021
Previous Usutu Virus Exposure Partially Protects Magpies (
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Silent reservoir species are shaping the emergence of Usutu virus.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Susceptibility of wild and domestic songbirds to Usutu virus.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- An Overview of Avian Vaccination Options in Zoological Collections in Europe.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
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- Quantifying West Nile virus circulation in the avian host population in Northern Italy.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2025Article
- First detection of Bagaza virus in Common magpies (Pica pica), Portugal 2023.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- West Nile virus surveillance using sentinel birds: results of eleven years of testing in corvids in a region of northern Italy.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Epidemiology, surveillance and diagnosis of Usutu virus infection in the EU/EEA, 2012 to 2021.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Review
- A Prior Usutu Virus Infection Can Protect Geese from Severe West Nile Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Assessing vector competence of mosquitoes from northeastern France to West Nile virus and Usutu virus.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Experimental infections in red-legged partridges reveal differences in host competence between West Nile and Usutu virus strains from Southern Spain.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The mosquito-borne flaviviruses USUV and WNV are known to co-circulate in large parts of Europe. Both are a public health concern, and USUV has been the cause of epizootics in both wild and domestic birds, and neurological cases in humans in Europe. Here, we explore the susceptibility of magpies to experimental USUV infection, and how previous exposure to USUV would affect infection with WNV. None of the magpies exposed to USUV showed clinical signs, viremia, or detectable neutralizing antibodies. After challenge with a neurovirulent WNV strain, neither viremia, viral titer of WNV in vascular feathers, nor neutralizing antibody titers of previously USUV-exposed magpies differed significantly with respect to magpies that had not previously been exposed to USUV. However, 75% (6/8) of the USUV-exposed birds survived, while only 22.2% (2/9) of those not previously exposed to USUV survived. WNV antigen labeling by immunohistochemistry in tissues was less evident and more restricted in magpies exposed to USUV prior to challenge with WNV. Our data indicate that previous exposure to USUV partially protects magpies against a lethal challenge with WNV, while it does not prevent viremia and direct transmission, although the mechanism is unclear. These results are relevant for flavivirus ecology and contention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.