ArticleViruses2021
Detection and Genetic Characterization of Hepatitis B and D Viruses: A Multi-Site Cross-Sectional Study of People Who Use Illicit Drugs in the Amazon Region.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Absence of Detectable Anti-HDV Antibodies Among HBsAg-Positive Blood Donors, HIV-Infected Individuals and Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B in Sao Paulo, Brazil: Evaluation Using a Rapid Lateral Flow Assay.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2026Article
- Molecular Characterization of Hepatitis Delta Virus in the Western Amazon, Acre, Brazil.Viruses · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of HDV stability under different biological sample collection and storage conditions: implications for molecular diagnosis.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Clinical Evaluation of the Progression of Liver Disease in Patients Coinfected With HBV and HDV in the Western Amazon Region of Brazil.International journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and determinants of hepatitis delta virus infection among HIV/hepatitis B-coinfected adults in care in the United States.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2023Article
- Epidemiology, presentation, and therapeutic approaches for hepatitis D infections.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2023Review
- Syphilis and Co-Infections with HIV-1, HBV, and HCV among People Who Use Crack-Cocaine in Northern Brazil.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hepatitis B (HBV) and delta (HDV) viruses are endemic in the Amazon region, but vaccine coverage against HBV is still limited. People who use illicit drugs (PWUDs) represent a high-risk group due to common risk behavior and socioeconomic factors that facilitate the acquisition and transmission of pathogens. The present study assessed the presence of HBV and HBV-HDV co-infection, identified viral sub-genotypes, and verified the occurrence of mutations in coding regions for HBsAg and part of the polymerase in HBV-infected PWUDs in municipalities of the Brazilian states of Amapá and Pará, in the Amazon region. In total, 1074 PWUDs provided blood samples and personal data in 30 municipalities of the Brazilian Amazon. HBV and HDV were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction. Viral genotypes were identified by nucleotide sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis, whereas viral mutations were analyzed by specialized software. High rates of serological (32.2%) and molecular (7.2%) markers for HBV were detected, including cases of occult HBV infection (2.5%). Sub-genotypes A1, A2, D4, and F2a were most frequently found. Escape mutations due to vaccine and antiviral resistance were identified. Among PWUDs with HBV DNA, serological (19.5%) and molecular (11.7%) HDV markers were detected, such as HDV genotypes 1 and 3. These are worrying findings, presenting clear implications for urgent prevention and treatment needs for the carriers of these viruses.
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